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723 progress—advance—advancement
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progress表示“进步”、“进展”（不可数）：
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He has made good progress in his work．他工作有很大进步。
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His research made slow progress．他的研究工作进展缓慢。
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He gave her an account of his progress．他向她谈了他的进展情况。
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advance也可表示类似意思，它是可数名词：
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Science has made great advances in the last fifty years．最近50年科学取得了巨大进步。
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There have been great advances in space exploration in the last 40 years．最近40年太空探索有了很大进展。
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Discovering a cure for cancer would be a major medical advance．发现癌症的疗法将是医学上一项重要进展。
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advancement表示“促进（发展）”：
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The aim of a university should be the advancement of learning．大学的目标应是促进学术的发展。
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The Royal Society for the Advancement of Science 皇家科学促进协会
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724 prohibit—ban—forbid
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prohibit主要表示“禁止”：
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Picking flowers in the park is prohibited．公园内禁止攀摘花木。
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Smoking in this railway carriage is prohibited．本车厢内禁止吸烟。
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还可用于prohibit somebody from doing something：
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The country has a law prohibiting employees from striking．这个国家有法律禁止雇佣人员罢工。
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Professor Brown was prohibited from speaking on campus．布朗教授被禁止在校园内发表演说。
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ban有类似意思，表示“禁止”、“禁演”等：
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We will ban all smoking in our club．在我们俱乐部我们将完全禁止吸烟。
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They threatened to ban the book．他们威胁说要禁止出售这本书。
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The play was banned by the censor．这个剧本遭到审查官禁演。
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ban还可用作名词，表示“禁止”、“禁令”：
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