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767 Reporting
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（例句译文省略）
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引用别人的话有两种方式，一是用直接引语（direct speech）：
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He said, “Goodbye”, and left.
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“May I see the manager?” she asked.
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另一种是用间接引语（indirect speech）：
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He said goodbye and left.
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She asked whether she could see the manager.
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直接引用别人的话时，只需引用原话并在所说的话前后加上引号就行了。转述别人的话时就有许多要注意的地方，如时态：
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She said, “Henry is busy.” →She said (that) Henry was busy.
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代词的变化：
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She asked, “May I go now?” →She asked if she might go now.
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副词的变化：
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He said, “I’ll be back tonight.” →He said he’d be back that night.
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由于英语语法有时态一致（the sequence of tenses）的规定，引用语应和引用词在时态上一致（如引用词为said，引用语中谓语时态应与之一致）：
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原 话 引 语 I don’t know English. He said he didn’t know English. I’m single. He told me he was single. I can’t swim. She said she couldn’t swim. I’m waiting for a friend. She said she was waiting for a friend. John phoned just now. He said John (had) phoned just now. Have you ever been to Shanghai? He asked if I had ever been to Shanghai. How long have you been waiting? He asked how long I had been waiting. Will you be free tonight? She asked whether I’d be free that night. Where will you be staying? She asked where we’d be staying. He was born in 1980. He said he was born in 1980. （这时时态不必变） 有些情态动词要变，如can变为could，may变为might。但must，might，could，ought，should，would可以不变：
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原 话 引 语 Maria may know her address. He said Maria might know her address. We must hurry up. He said we must hurry up. They might be in the garden. He said they might be in the garden. Could you give me some help? He asked whether I could give him some help. You ought to do it well. He said we ought to do it well. You should work harder. He said I should work harder. Would you come nearer? She asked if I could go nearer. 由于说话的角度不同，在改为间接引语时，人称代词及物主代词也需作调整：
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原 话 引 语 I know your sister. He said he knew my sister. I will help you. She promised that she would help me. We certainly will support you. He said they certainly would support us. I‘m grateful for what you‘ve done. She said she was grateful for what I‘d done. 有时状语也需作调整：
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原 话 引 语 We’ve lived here for ten years. He said they had lived there for ten years. I might see her this evening. He said he might see her that evening. We’re leaving tomorrow. He said they were leaving the following day. I may go there next spring. He said he might go the following spring. 引用词除了say，ask外还可以有许多别的词：
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原 话 引 语 You are wanted on the phone. She told me that I was wanted on the phone. That’s a good idea. He agreed that was a good idea. Where have they gone? She wondered where they had gone. Are you interested in going? They wanted to know if I was interested in going. How many students are absent? She wanted to find out how many students were absent. 在问句变为间接引语时，要用自然语序（即和陈述句相同的语序，见上例）。
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祈使句改为间接引语时常可用一个不定式表示：
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原 话 引 语 Come in! She asked me to go in. Don’t park your car here. The policeman told me not to park my car there. Put down your gun! They ordered him to put down his gun. Answer my questions, Tom. She told Tom to answer her questions. 感叹句一般不宜改为间接引语，直接引语更生动一些：
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“You monster!” she shouted.
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“Great Heayens!” cried Betty.
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