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汉语的“的”不总是英语的“of”
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在汉语中,“的”的作用很大。人们想表达所属关系时,大凡都少不了要用“的”。但是,汉语的这个“的”,当翻译成英语时,在很多情况下是不能用of来表达的。例如,“房间的钥匙”,你不能说key of the door,你应该说key to the door。同样,“问题的关键”,你也不能用key of the problem,而应该说key to the problem,这是因为key后面一般跟to。
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在英语中,还有其他不少惯用法,虽然它们并没有很明确的要求,但基本上是不能用of来表示汉语的“的”的意思,如“这条大街的东头有个大钟”,可以说成:“The street has a large clock at its east end”,而不是用of来表达大街与东头的关系。又例,“这个问题的解决方案”,按照英语的习惯则应该是solutions to the problem,体现的是一种指向关系。又如,“这方面的发展”,英文是用the development in the area,强调的是领域内的情况。还有,“现在是行动的时候了”,要说成Now is the time to act,也不能用of来表示汉语的“的”。再例,“失业的中国人”,用Chinese who have lost their jobs更符合英语的习惯。这些例子都说明,在英语中,可以用来表达汉语的“的”的方法很多,体现了汉语文化和英语文化在看同一问题时,英语文化的视角更多样化些。可以说,你对两种语言在这方面的差异了解有多深,你的英语功底就有多厚。
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英语淘宝 P
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She began to pace the room in frustration.
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她烦躁地在屋里来回踱步。
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Go and pack your things,and we’ll meet you inside the main gate in a quarter of an hour.
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去收拾你的东西,15分钟后我们在大门内集合。
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We had a packed courtroom every day—mostly young people.
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每天,法庭都是挤得满满的,大部分都是年轻人。
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【又例:The room was jam packed.房子里的人挤得满满当当。】
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The police picked him up,and off he went to the paddy wagon.
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警察把他抓了起来,押上警车走了。
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I’ve given the stablehands a week’s paid holiday and you’re going to do their work for them.
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我给马夫们一周的带薪假,你们要干他们的活儿。
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So go home the pair of you,and don’t come back until I say so.
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你们俩回家去吧,我不说回来,你们就别回来。
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Hadn’t her grandma made her promise to take care of Hester in just the same way? Out of the frying pan into the fire!
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她外婆不也用同样的方法要她关照赫丝特吗?出了狼窝又入了虎穴!
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So we agreed,quite amicably, to part.
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所以,我们还是相当友好地同意分手。
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【又例:I’m of the opinion it’s time we came to a parting of the ways.我的意思是,我们该分道扬镳了。】
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Linda talked about Brett making a pass at her over a drink,about her panic when she realized she was vulnerable to him.
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