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翻译辨误 14 希望消失了吗?
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原文:
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For these people,hope dies slowly.
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原译:
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对这些人,希望就这样慢慢地消失了。
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辨析:
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slow固然有“慢”的意思,Collins Cobuild English Language Dictionary给的第一个定义就是moves or does something without much speed。但在翻译时也需根据上下文选用确切的措辞:He spoke slowly.(他慢条斯理地说。)He is slow of speech.(他口齿不伶俐。)The police were slow in coming.(警察姗姗来迟。)We enjoyed a slow Sunday at home.(我们在家里悠闲地度过了一个星期天。)但上述词典中slow还有一个释义:Takes a long time,especially more time than is usual or expected,即“比通常或意料的需要更多的时间”,所以不能一概译作“慢”,如:He is slow in making up his mind.(他要花很长时间才下决心。也可译为:他总是下不了决心。)Slow help is no help.(过了很长时间才来的帮忙算不上帮忙。也可译为:不及时帮忙等于没有帮忙。)The crowd was breaking up very slowly.(人群迟迟不肯散去。)原句中slow也是这个意思,指“要花很长时间”,所以全句可译为:他们迟迟不肯放弃希望。(或:他们过了很长时间还抱着一丝希望。)那么怎么翻译下面这一句呢?Only slowly have they begun to realize their mistake.译成“只是慢慢地他们才开始认识到自己的错误”当然不好,不妨译成:他们过了很长时间才认识到自己的错误。(或:他们迟迟没有认识到自己的错误。)
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翻译辨误 15 不同的“慢”法
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原文:
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He is a slow student.
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原译:
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他是一个动作很慢的学生。
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辨析:
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前文中我们讲过slow的两个意思,其实其意思还不止这些,从第二个意思“需要很长时间”还可引申出“困难”等别的意思,如:He is slow of understanding.他理解力较差。He is so slow that I have to explain everything several times.他太迟钝,所有的事我都得解释好几遍。所以原句应译做:他学习比较困难(指理解和反应慢)。
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注意下面几句的译法:
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Be slow to promise but quick to practise.不要轻易许诺,但是,一旦许了诺要尽快实践。
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Business was rather slow last month.上个月生意不太景气。
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I’ll be slow about accepting these terms.我不会轻易接受那些条件。
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He is slow at speech with women yet.跟女人说话,他还有点笨嘴拙舌。
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有几本词典将slow and steady wins the race译成“慢而稳者胜”。其实这里slow的意思并不是“慢”,而是强调“不慌张”、“沉着”,所以准确的译法应是“沉着稳健者胜”。
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翻译时要考虑到在不同的搭配中,汉语有不同的习惯说法,如:slow season(淡季),slow time(与夏季时间相对的标准时间),a slow starter(指拳击中开始时采取守势而后猛攻的选手),a tennis court with a slow surface(地面不平因而不利于跑动的网球场地),The book is rather slow.(这本书很乏味/不精彩。)What a slow party it is!(多么索然无味的聚会呀!)
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顺便提一下,go slow中的slow是副词,除了表示“慢慢地走”,还可以表示“不慌”、“小心”、“怠工”、“偷懒”等意思,例如You’d better go slow in reaching a conclusion.最好不要急于下结论。反过来,虽然在大多数情况下“慢”可以译为slow(ly),但也有例外,如“慢性病”是chronic disease,(学校中的)“慢班”是adjustment class,“慢件”是regular freight。
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