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11.5 一般过去时
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一般过去时的基本构成是：规则动词在词尾加-ed。
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一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
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Rome was not built in a day.
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罗马不是一天建成的。
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Nothing great was achieved without danger.
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没有风险，什么大事也不曾做成过。
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God never made an ordinary human being.
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上帝从未创造过普通人。
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I had the blues because I had no shoes until upon the street I met a man who had no feet.
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我因为没有鞋而难过，直到在大街上我遇见一个没有双脚的人。
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11.6 过去进行时
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过去进行时的基本构成是：was (were) +动词的现在分词形式。
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过去进行时表示在过去的某个时间动作在进行之中。
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He noticed it was growing dark.
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他注意到天色渐渐暗下来。
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Tears of joy were flowing down her cheeks as Hafid continued.
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当哈菲得继续说下去的时候，快乐的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。
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By the time he was eight, he was earning his own money for clothes.
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八岁的时候，他在自己挣买衣服的钱。
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11.7 过去完成时
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过去完成时的基本构成是：had+动词的过去分词形式。
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过去完成时表示到过去的某个时候为止，动作已经完成或者情况已经发生。过去完成时的突出特点是表示“过去的过去”。
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He spoke of how his life had changed forever.
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