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13.4 动名词的复合结构
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很多时候，动名词带有行为主体，从而构成复合结构。如果动名词作主语，表示行为主体的名词或代词用主格或所有格；如果动名词作宾语或表语，表示行为主体的名词或代词用宾格或所有格。
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It is no use your (或you) trying to shift the blame on to anybody else.
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你试图把责任推给别人是徒劳的。
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He would imagine himself winning before each game.
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在每次比赛之前他都想象自己获胜的情景。(反身代词不用所有格)
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How many opportunities present themselves without us (或our) noticing them!
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有多少机遇出现在眼前而我们却视而不见啊！
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Time cannot be lengthened by man’s subjective will, but it can be shortened by his (或him) wasting it.
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时间不会因人的主观意志而延长，但却会因人为的浪费而缩短。
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Everything starts with you (或your) making up your mind what you’re going to do with your life.
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一切事情皆开始于下定决心如何对待人生。
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13.5 动名词的被动式和完成式
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动名词的被动式其基本形式为being +动词的过去分词，完成式其基本形式为having +动词的过去分词。
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13.5.1 动名词的被动式
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A thing is bigger for being shared.
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一个事物因分享而更有价值。
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We get pleasure from loving and being loved.
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我们从爱和被爱中得到快乐。
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I am always ready to learn, but I do not always like being taught.
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我总是乐于学习，但我并不总是喜欢被人指教。
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13.5.2 动名词的完成式
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No good thing has been, or can be enjoyed by us, without having first cost labor.
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不首先付出辛劳，我们不曾享受，现在也不能享受任何美好的事物。
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