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14.11 起转移修饰作用的过去分词
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有时,修饰人的一些过去分词用来修饰事物,从而起到转移修饰的作用。表面看来,过去分词修饰事物,但实质上指的是与该事物有密切关系的人。如:
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relaxed atmosphere 无拘无束的气氛 relaxed life 悠闲自在的生活
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satisfied look 心满意足的神情 tired image 疲惫不堪的形象
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worried wait 提心吊胆的等待
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14.12 由不及物动词构成的过去分词
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过去分词绝大部分由及物动词转化而来,从而具有被动意义,但也有个别的过去分词由不及物动词变化而来,具有完成意义而并无被动意味。这样的过去分词包括:
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deceased 亡故的 escaped 逃脱的 failed 失败的
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fallen 降落的 gone 离去的 grown 成熟的
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retired 退休的 returned 归来的 risen 升起的
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traveled 富有旅行经验的 vanished 消失的
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True happiness is of a retired nature.
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真正的幸福与世无争。
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Man is a fallen god who remembers the heavens.
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人是降在凡间,但仍向往天堂的神灵。
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I am slave to my habits, as are all grown men.
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我和所有成人一样,为自己的习惯所左右。
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Youth is a brief dream; when you wake up, it is gone.
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青春是一个短暂的梦;当你一觉醒来,已消失无踪。
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实践演练
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Ⅰ.找出每题中的一处错误,并加以改正。
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1. Words are unnecessary for heartfeeling wishes.
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2. Send you a blade of maple leaf wishing you a year as flourished as it.
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3. An individual human existence should be like a river—small at first, narrowly contains within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls.
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