打字猴:1.700039775e+09
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1700039776 [39] Edward Guinan,private communication,231st Meeting of the American Astronomical Society,Washington,DC,January 8,2018.
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1700039778 [40] Christopher Wanjek,“Ground Control to‘The Martian’:Good Luck with Them Potatoes,” Live Science ,October 9,2015,https://www.livescience.com/52438-the-martian-potatoes-health-effects.html.
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1700039780 [41] Alexandra Witze,“There’s Water on Mars!Signs of Buried Lake Tantalize Scientists,” Nature 560(2018):13-14,doi:10.1038/d41586-018-05795-6.
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1700039782 [42] 对许多人来说,这是一个双重发现:存在液态水,以及存在意大利航天局。
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1700039784 [43] Robert Zubrin,The Case for Mars:The Plan to Settle the Red Planet and Why We Must (New York:Free Press,2011),187-232.
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1700039786 [44] Zubrin,Case for Mars ,246-247.
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1700039788 [45] Adam E.Jakus et al.,“Robust and Elastic Lunar and Martian Structures from 3D-Printed Regolith Inks,” Scientific Reports 7(2017),doi:10.1038/srep44931.
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1700039790 [46] 苏联的“火星3号”重1200千克,据说已经实现了软着陆,但探测器在14秒后出现了故障。
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1700039792 [47] William Harwood,“Curiosity Relies on Untried‘Sky Crane’for Descent to Mars,” CBS News ,July 30,2012,http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/home/spacenews/files/msl_preview_landing.html.
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1700039794 [48] Kasandra Brabaw,“MIT Team Wins Mars City Design Contest for‘Redwood Forest’Idea,” Space ,November 25,2017,https://www.space.com/38881-mit-team-wins-mars-city-design-competition.html.
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1700039796 [49] William J.Rowe,“The Case for an All-Female Crew to Mars,” Journal of Men’s Health & Gender 1(2004):341-344,doi:10.1016/j.jmhg.2004.09.006.
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1700039798 [50] 对于计划在21世纪40年代完成的任务来说,大多数候选人在本书出版的时候可能还是孩子。
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1700039800 [51] Lauren Blackwell Landon at al.,“Selecting Astronauts for Long-Duration Exploration Missions:A Retrospective Review and Considerations for Team Performance and Functioning,” NASA TM-2016-219283,December 1,2016.
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1700039802 [52] Freeman Dyson,Disturbing the Universe (New York:Harper & Row,1979),118-126.
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1700039804 [53] 迈克尔·杨(Michael Young)由于“发现控制昼夜节律的分子机制”,同他人一起获得了2017年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。在一次采访中他告诉我,每日相差41分钟实际上可能很难克服,累积起来游客一周与地球的不同步就会达到约5小时。我觉得这令人难以置信,但我还没得过诺贝尔奖。
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1700039806 [54] 分别为十分之一天、百分之一天、千分之一天、万分之一天、百万分之一天。——译注
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1700039808 [55] 同样的,我们也可以在火星上采用基于12的计数方式,即十二进制。5个最基本的分数(½,⅓,⅔,¼,¾)换算成十二进制的小数很简单,分别是(0.6,0.4,0.8,0.3,0.9)。这样将⅓换算成小数时,就不会出现0.3333333……的无限循环。
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1700039810 [56] NSF 〇PP Budget Request to Congress FY2019,https://www.nsf.gov/about/budget/fy2019/pdf/30_fy2019.pdf.
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1700039812 [57] Scott Solomon,“The Martians Are Coming—and They’re Human” Nautilus ,October 27,2016,http://nautil.us/issue/41/selection/the-martians-are-comingand-theyre-human.
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1700039814 [58] Bruce M.Jakosky and Christopher S.Edwards,“Inventory of CO2 Available for Terraforming Mars,” Nature Astronomy 2(2018):634-639,doi:10.1038/s41550-018-0529-6.
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1700039816 [59] Partha P.Bera et al.,“Design Strategies to Minimize the Radiative Efficiency of Global Warming Molecules,” PNAS 107(2010):9049-9054,doi:10.1073/pnas.0913590107.
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1700039818 [60] Zubrin,Case for Mars ,269-270.
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1700039820 [61] Margarita M.Marinova et al.,“Radiative-Convective Model of Warming Mars with Artificial Greenhouse Gases,” Journal of Geophysical Research 110(2005),doi:10.1029/2004JE002306.
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