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6.This is how Frontinus, Stratagemetos 2.13.7，is to be understood.
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第七篇 恺 撒
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1 恺撒历次征战的批判性分析 无
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2 赫尔维蒂战役
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1.According to Beloch. Hubo, in Neue Jahrbücher fur Philologie 147（1893）：707，estimates 25，000 and seeks to justify Caesar’s own figure by eliminating a “C” from the latter’s number for the width.
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2.Clausewitz, too, estimates in this way（10：66）. A useful comparison is provided by “The War Journal of Albrecht von Brandenburg”（“Das Kriegsbuch Albrechts v. Brandenburg”）in Jähns’s History of Warfare（Geschichte des Kriegswesens）1：521.
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3. The trains that followed the Prussian army at Olmütz in 1758 were made up of almost 4，000 wagons, most of them drawn by 4 horses, and had a length of almost 2 days’march. General Staff Publication（Generalstabswerk）7：93.
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4.Not by a full fourth, as is often said; the quarter of which Caesar speaks refers only to the Helvetii in the narrower sense. The allies were already across, and Caesar also does not say that the quarter was still there when he attacked, but rather, when his scouts observed it. See also Stoffel, The War between Caesar and Ariovistus（Guerre de Cesar et d’Arioviste）p.75.
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5.If Maissiat should be right in distinguishing between the “Segusiavi” and the “Sebusiani，” placing the latter in the southern Jura, north of the Rhone, on the Ain, and thereby having Caesar not camp near Lyons but follow the Helvetii from Fort l’Ecluse through Bourg-en-Bresse, with the result that Labienus with his three legions was waiting one day’s march to the east during the battle on the Sâone, then the Helvetii would indeed have had full freedom of movement from Montmerle, where they were attacked, to take the route either directly westward or southwestward.
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6.Las Cases, Memoirs from Saint Helena（Memorial de Sainte-Hélene）2：445.
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7.H.Bender, in “Caesar’s Credibility on the War with Ariovistus”（“Cäsars Glaubwürdigkeit über den Krieg mit Ariovist，”）（Neue Korrespondenzblätter fur die Gelehrtenschulen Württembergs，1894），shows how very exaggerated Caesar’s account of the hegemony that Ariovistus exercised in Gaul actually is, but the fact itself that Ariovistus was master of a part of central Gaul is not to be doubted.
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8.Caesar has this thought expressed specifically by Liscus（1.17）in the form that they would prefer to obey other Gauls rather than Romans—which presupposes that these other Gauls had first broken/the mastery of the Germans.
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9. The fact that the Helvetii announced precisely this area as the goal of their migration has been explained very brilliantly by O. Hirschfeld in his study “Aquitania in the Roman Period”（“Aquita-nien in der römischen Zeit”）（Sitzungsberichte der Berliner Akademie，1896，p.453），where it is shown to be highly probable that the Helvetii, and perhaps also the Boii, who were accompanying them, were related to tribes already settled on the lower Garonne. In that connection Hirschfeld, too, makes the observation that such a migration was not so easy to imagine. With only one step farther along this train of thought we arrive at the hypothesis presented above in the text.
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10. The long time they are supposed to have taken crossing the Sâone is no proof, since we cannot know to what extent Caesar exaggerated here also.
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11.I consider it as impossible that, as is often assumed, Caesar had with him, in addition to cavalry, a considerable force of other Gallic allies, either from the province or from the Aedui or other tribes. His six legions were strong enough to oppose the Helvetii in battle, and allies whose reliability is questionable are of no use but only create problems through the difficulties they cause in the matter of rations. The auxilia of which Caesar speaks are mainly the Numid-ians, Balearics, and Cretans whom he has with him（2.7）.
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12. The passage describing the formation has not been passed down very clearly in handwriting and has been read and corrected in a variety of ways by the different editors. All, however, have interpreted its meaning in the same way.
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3 阿里奥维斯塔 无
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4 征服比利其人
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1.Dittenberger in the new edition of Kraner’s publication of Caesar.
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2.Konrad Lehmann, Neue Jahrbücher fur das klassische Altertum 7，No.6（1901）：506，and Klio 6，No.2（1906）：237.
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3.Strictly speaking, Caesar does not say—and Konrad Lehmann has called attention to this point—that the 306，000 men were actually on hand, but he only says that the Romans had reported to him that they knew exactly how many each tribe at their assembly had promised to provide.
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4.Concerning the maneuver that they carried out, see p.457，above.
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5 维钦托利
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1.Caesar himself says（7.34）there were 10 legions, that is, the Seventh to the Fifteenth, and the First. In addition, after the siege of Alesia, the Sixth appears. In this connection, see the comment by Napoleon III（in Uebersicht，2：282）. Göler, p.333，rejects the “Sixth Legion” and names instead the “Third.” Both Meusel and Kübler, however, have correctly accepted the “VI” version（8.4）. See also Domaszewski, Neue Heidelberger Jahrbücher 4（1894）：158. In this connection, see also Chapter VII, below，first paragraph.
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2.Bell. Gall.7.65.
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