1700172107
7号染色体
1700172108
1700172109
本章的主题是演化心理学，在多本书中都有过探讨，包括杰罗姆·巴尔科（Jerome Barkow）、莱达·科斯米德斯和约翰·图比的《适应的思想》（牛津大学出版社，1992），罗伯特·赖特（Robert Wright）的《道德动物》（万神殿出版社，1994），史蒂芬·平克的《心智探奇》（企鹅出版社，1998），以及我自己的《红色皇后》（维京出版社，1993）。人类语言的起源在下列著作中有过探讨：史蒂芬·平克的《语言本能》（企鹅出版社，1994）和特伦斯·迪肯（Terence Deacon）的《符号物种》（企鹅出版社，1997）。
1700172110
1700172111
[1] For the death of Freudianism: Wolf, T. (1997). Sorry but your soul just died. The Independent on Sunday, 2 February 1997. For the death of Meadism: Freeman, D. (1983). Margaret Mead and Samoa: the making and unmaking of an anthropological myth. Harvard University Press,Cambridge, MA; Freeman, D. (1997). Frans Boas and ‘The flower of heaven’. Penguin, London. For the death of behaviourism: Harlow,H. F., Harlow, M. K. and Suomi, S. J. (1971). From thought to therapy
:lessons from a primate laboratory. American Scientist 59: 538-49.
1700172112
1700172113
[2] P inker, S. (1994). The language instinct: the new science of language and mind. Penguin, London.
1700172114
1700172115
[3] D ale, P. S, Simonoff, E, Bishop, D. V. M, Eley, T. C, Oliver, B., Price, T.S., Purcell, S., Stevenson, J. and Plomin, R. (1998). Genetic influence on language delay in two-year-old children. Nature Neuroscience 1: 324-8;Paulesu, E. and Mehler, J. (1998). Right on in sign language. Nature 392
:233-4.
1700172116
1700172117
[4] C arter, R. (1998). Mapping the mind. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London.
1700172118
1700172119
[5] B ishop, D. V. M., North, T. and Donlan, C. (1995). Genetic basis of specific language impairment: evidence from a twin study.Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 37: 56-71.
1700172120
1700172121
[6] Fisher, S. E., Vargha-Khadem, F., Watkins, K. E., Monaco, A. P. and Pembrey, M. E. (1998). Localisation of a gene implicated in a severe speech and language disorder. Nature Genetics 18: 168-70.
1700172122
1700172123
[7] Gopnik, M. (1990). Feature-blind grammar and dysphasia. Nature 344: 715.
1700172124
1700172125
[8] Fletcher, P. (1990). Speech and language deficits. Nature 346: 226;Vargha-Khadem, F. and Passingham, R. E. (1990). Speech and language deficits. Nature 346: 226.
1700172126
1700172127
[9] Gopnik, M., Dalakis, J., Fukuda, S. E., Fukuda, S. and Kehayia, E. (1996).Genetic language impairment: unruly grammars. In Runciman, W.G., Maynard Smith, J. and Dunbar, R. I. M. (eds), Evolution of social behaviour patterns in primates and man, pp. 223-49. Oxford University Press, Oxford; Gopnik, M. (ed.) (1997). The inheritance and innateness of grammars. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
1700172128
1700172129
[10] Gopnik, M. and Goad, H. (1997). What underlies inflectional error patterns in genetic dysphasia? Journal of Neurolinguistics 10: 109-38; Gopnik, M. (1999). Familial language impairment: more English evidence. Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica 51: in press. Myrna Gopnik,e-mail correspondence with the author, 1998.
1700172130
1700172131
[11] A ssociated Press, 8 May 1997; Pinker, S. (1994). The language instinct
:the new science of language and mind. Penguin, London.
1700172132
1700172133
[12] M ineka, S. and Cook, M. (1993). Mechani sms involved in the observational conditioning of fear. Journal of Experimental Psychology,General 122: 23-38.
1700172134
1700172135
[13] D awkins, R. (1986). The blind watchmaker. Longman, Essex.
1700172136
1700172137
X和Y染色体
1700172138
1700172139
要想找到更多有关基因组内部冲突的材料，最好是去参阅迈克尔·马耶鲁斯（Michael Majerus）、比尔·阿莫斯（Bill Amos）和格雷戈里·赫斯特（Gregory Hurst）的教科书《演化：四十亿年的战争》（朗曼出版社，1996），以及汉密尔顿的《基因狭途》（弗里曼出版社，1995年）。关于得出同性恋部分是出于遗传因素这一结论的研究，请参见迪恩·哈默和彼得·科普兰（Peter Copeland）的《欲望的科学》（西蒙与舒斯特公司，1995），以及钱德勒·伯尔的《再创：生物学如何使我们成为同性恋》（矮脚鸡出版社，1996）。
1700172140
1700172141
[1] A mos, W. and Harwood, J. (1998). Factors affecting levels of genetic diversity in natural populations. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 353: 177-86.
1700172142
1700172143
[2] Rice, W. R. and Holland, B. (1997). The enemies within: intergenomic conflict, interlocus contest evolution (ICE), and the intraspecific Red Queen. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 41: 1-10.
1700172144
1700172145
[3] M ajerus, M., Amos, W. and Hurst, G. (1996). Evolution: the four billion year war. Longman, Essex.
1700172146
1700172147
[4] S wain, A., Narvaez, V., Burgoyne, P., Camerino, G. and Loveli-Badge, R.(1998). Dax1 antagonises SRY action in mammalian sex determination.Nature 391: 761-7.
1700172148
1700172149
[5] H amilton, W. D. (1967). Extraordinary sex ratios. Science 156: 477-88.
1700172150
1700172151
[6] A mos, W. and Harwood, J. (1998). Factors affecting levels of genetic diversity in natural populations. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 353: 177-86.
1700172152
1700172153
[7] Rice, W. R. (1992). Sexually antagonistic genes: experimental evidence.Science 256: 1436-9.
1700172154
1700172155
[8] H aig, D. (1993). Genetic conflicts in human pregnancy. Quarterly Review of Biology 68: 495-531.
1700172156
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.700172107e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]