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54 Kickstarter FAQ, http://www.kickstarter.com/help/faq,
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55 Dale Dougherty, @dalepd, June 15, 2010, http://twitter.com/dalepd/status/16253152287.
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56 Tim O’Reilly, @timoreilly, June 15, 2010, http://twitter.com/timoreilly/status/16268192528.
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57 OpenPCR’s Kickstarter page http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/930368578/openpcr-open-source-biotech-on-your-desktop, (September 23, 2010).
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58 “Adoption of genetically engineered crops in the U.S.,” U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service data, http://www.ers.usda.gov/Data/BiotechCrops/, (September 23, 2010).
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第7章：农业是黑客的巅峰之作
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59 Jared M. Diamond, Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1997), 105.
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60 Vandana Shiva, et al., Seeds of Suicide: The Ecological and Human Costs of Globalisation of Agriculture (New Delhi: Research Foundation for Science, Technology and Ecology, 2002).
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61 P. Sainath, “The largest wave of suicides in history,” Counterpunch, February 12, 2009, http://www.counterpunch.org/sainath02122009.html, (September 25, 2010).
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62 Sanjeev Nayyar, “Killing with kindness,” Business Standard, February 2, 2007, http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=273317, (September 25, 2010).
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63 “Indian Farmer Suicide—The Bottom Line,” Beyond the Rows (Monsanto Co. official blog), March 26, 2009, http://www.monsantoblog.com/2009/03/26/indian-farmer-suicide-the-bottom-line/, (September 25, 2010).
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64 Glenn Davis Stone, “The Birth and Death of Traditional Knowledge: Paradoxical Effects of Biotechnology in India,” In Biodiversity and the Law: Intellectual Property, Biotechnology and Traditional Knowledge, ed. Charles McManis, (London: Earthscan Publications Ltd., 2007), 226.
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65 Stone, “The Birth and Death of Traditional Knowledge,” 226.
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66 Robert Kenner, director, Food Inc., 2008.
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67 The Cotton Corporation of India Ltd. statistics, http://www.cotcorp.gov.in/statistics.asp, (September 25, 2010).
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68 Ronald J. Herring, “Stealth Seeds: Bioproperty, Biosafety, Biopolitics,” Journal of Development Studies 43:1, 130–157, January 2007.
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第8章：让人类开源
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69 John Schwartz and Andrew Pollack, “Judge invalidates human gene patent,” The New York Times, March 29, 2010, http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/30/business/30gene.html, (September 25, 2010).
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70 Association for Molecular Pathology, et al., v. United States Patent and Trademark Office, et al., (N.D. Calif. 2010), https://ecf.nysd.uscourts.gov/doc1/12717579719, (September 25, 2010).
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71 Schwartz and Pollack, “Judge invalidates human gene patent,” March 29, 2010.
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72 “Biotechnology at 25 : The Founders,” part of the Regional Oral History Office’s Program in Bioscience and Biotechnology Studies exhibit, http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/Exhibits/Biotech/25.html.
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73 “Doomsday: Tinkering with Life,” Time, April 18, 1977, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,914901,00.html, (September 25, 2010).
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74 “History,” Genentech Inc., http://www.gene.com/gene/about/corporate/history/, (September 25, 2010).
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75 “Corporate Chronology,” Genentech Inc., http://www.gene.com/gene/about/corporate/history/timeline.html, (September 25, 2010).
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76 Maryann P. Feldman, Alessandra Colaianni and Connie Kang Liu, “Lessons from the Commercialization of the Cohen-Boyer Patents: The Stanford University Licensing Program,” Intellectual Property Management in Health and Agricultural Innovation: A Handbook of Best Practices, eds. A Krattiger, RT Mahoney, L Nelsen, et al., (Davis, Calif.: PIPRA, 2007). U.S.A., 2010, http://www.iphandbook.org/handbook/ch17/p22/, (September 25, 2010).
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