1700368050
26. C. Rennefeld et al., “Habituation to Pain: Further Support for a Central Component,” Pain 148 (2010): 503–508.
1700368051
1700368052
27. D. F. Zatzick and J. E. Dimsdale, “Cultural Variations in Response to Painful Stimuli,” Psychosomatic Medicine 52 (1990): 544–557.
1700368053
1700368054
28. L. Perry et al., “Starch Fossils and the Domestication and Dispersal of Chili Peppers (Capsicum spp. L. ) in the Americas,” Science 315 (2007): 986–988; I. Paran and E. van der Knapp, “Ge ne tic and Molecular Regulation of Fruit and Plant Domestication Traits in Tomato and Pepper,” Journal of Experimental Biology 58 (2007): 3841–3852.
1700368055
1700368056
29. P. Rozin, “Psychobiological Perspectives on Food Preferences and Avoidances,” in Food and Evolution: Toward a Theory of Human Food Habits, ed. M. Harris and E. B. Ross, 181–205 (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1987); J. Gorman, “A Perk of Our Evolution: Plea sure in Pain of Chilies,” New York Times, September 20, 2010.
1700368057
1700368058
30. S. Molnar, Human Variation: Races, Types, and Ethnic Groups (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2006); R. J. Williams, Biochemical Individ- uality: The Basis for the Genetotrophic Concept (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979 [1956]).
1700368059
1700368060
31. S. Wooding, “Phenylthiocarbamide: A 75- Year Adventure in Ge ne tics and Natural Selection,” Ge ne tics 172 (2006): 2015–2023, quote from 2015.
1700368061
1700368062
32. S. - W. Guo and D. R. Reed, “The Ge ne tics of Phenylthiocarbamide,” Annals of Human Biology 28 (2001): 111–142.
1700368063
1700368064
33. Ibid.; D. Drayna, “Human Taste Ge ne tics,” Annual Review of Genomics and Human Ge ne tics 6 (2005): 217–235; B. J. Tepper, “Nutritional Implications of Ge ne tic Taste Variation: The Role of PROP Sensitivity and Other Taste Phenotypes,” Annual Review of Nutrition 28 (2008)
:367–388.
1700368065
1700368066
34. Drayna, “Human Taste Ge ne tics.”
1700368067
1700368068
35. Tepper, “Nutritional Implications of Ge ne tic Taste Variation”; B. J. Tepper et al., “Ge ne tic Variation in Taste Sensitivity to 6- n-propylthiouracil and Its Relationship to Taste Perception and Food Selection,” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1170 (2009): 126–139.
1700368069
1700368070
36. N. Soranzo et al., “Positive Selection on a High- Sensitivity Allele of the Human Bitter- Taste Receptor TAS2R16,” Current Biology 15 (2005): 1257–1265.
1700368071
1700368072
37. S. Wooding et al., “Natural Selection and Molecular Evolution in PTC, a Bitter- Taste Receptor Gene,” American Journal of Human Ge ne tics 74 (2004): 637–646.
1700368073
1700368074
38. Ibid.
1700368075
1700368076
39. J. C. Wang et al., “Functional Variants in TAS2R38 and TAS2R16 Infl uence Alcohol Consumption in High- Risk Families of African- American Origin,” Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 31 (2007): 209–215.
1700368077
1700368078
40. V. B. Duffy, “Variation in Oral Sensation: Implications for Diet and Health,” Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 23 (2007): 171–177, quote from 173.
1700368079
1700368080
41. Y. Hasin- Brumshtein, D. Lancet, and T. Olender, “Human Olfaction: From Genomic Variation to Phenotypic Diversity,” Trends in Ge ne tics 25 (2009): 178–184.
1700368081
1700368082
42. H. Kaplan et al., “A Theory of Human Life History Evolution: Diet, Intelligence, and Longevity,” Evolutionary Anthropology 9 (2000): 156–185; C. Panter- Brick, “Sexual Division of Labor: Energetic and Evolutionary Scenarios,” American Journal of Human Biology 14 (2002): 627–640.
1700368083
1700368084
43. C. B. Stanford, The Hunting Apes: Meat Eating and the Origins of Human Behavior (Prince ton: Prince ton University Press, 1999). Quote from p. 200.
1700368085
1700368086
44. M. F. K. Fisher, The Art of Eating, 50th Anniversary Edition (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2004). Quote from p. 584.
1700368087
1700368088
45. C. Lévi- Strauss, The Raw and the Cooked (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983 [1969]), quote from 269.
1700368089
1700368090
46. K. Shopsin and C. Carreño, Eat Me: The Food and Philosophy of Kenny Shopsin (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2008), 91.
1700368091
1700368092
47. www.urbandictionary.com.
1700368093
1700368094
48. Y. - C. Chuang et al., “Tooth- Brushing Epilepsy with Ictal Orgasms,“Seizure 13 (2004): 179–182.
1700368095
1700368096
49. J. R. Georgiadis et al., “Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Changes Associated with Clitorally Induced Orgasm in Healthy Women,” Eu ro pe an Journal of Neuroscience 24 (2006): 3305–3316; J. R. Georgiadis et al., “Brain Activation during Human Male Ejaculation Revisited,” NeuroReport 18(2007): 553–557; J. R. Georgiadis et al., “Men versus Women on Sexual Brain Function: Prominent Differences during Tactile Genital Stimulation, but Not during Orgasm,” Human Brain Mapping 30 (2009): 3089–3101.
1700368097
1700368098
50. Rolls, Sienkiewicz, and Yaxley, “Hunger Modulates the Responses.”
1700368099
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.70036805e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]