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[14] Ibid., p.124
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[15] Ibid., p.164.
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[16] Ibid., p.8.
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[17] 易卜拉欣即《圣经·旧约》中的亚伯拉罕，是传说中古希伯来民族和阿拉伯民族的共同祖先。——译者注
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[18] Mark Kurlansky, Paper: Paging Through History (New York: W.W. Norton, 2016), p.26.
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[19] Ibid., p.160.
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[20] Steven Weinberg, To Explain the World: The Discovery of Modern Science (New York: HarperCollins, 2015), p.101.
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[21] Ibid., p.104.
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[22] 哈伦·拉希德是马蒙之父，在位期间（786—809）同样大力发展文化学术研究。——编者注
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[23] P. K. Hitti, History of the Arabs (London: Macmillan, 1937), p.315.
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[24] Hillel Ofek, “Why the Arabic World Turned Away from Science,” The New Atlantis,Winter 2011, pp.3–23.
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[25] Ibid., p.50.
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[26] Hillel Ofek, “Why the Arabic World Turned Away from Science,” The New Atlantis,Winter 2011, p.7.
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[27] David Wootton, Bad Medicine: Doctors Doing Harm Since Hippocrates (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2006), p.50.
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[28] Michael Flannery, Avicenna entry, Encyclopedia Britannica online, quoted August 11,2016.
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[29] Sherwin Nuland, Doctors: The Biography of Medicine (New York: Vintage Books, 1988),p.57.
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[30] 1英里约等于1.6千米。——编者注
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[31] Steven Weinberg, To Explain the World: The Discovery of Modern Science (New York: HarperCollins, 2015), p.112.
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[32] Charles Burnett and Danielle Jacquart, eds., Constantine the African and Ali ibn al-Abbasal-Magusi; The Pantegni and Related Texts (Leiden, Netherlands: E. J. Brill, 1994),Preface vii–viii.
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[33] Nicholas Ostler, Ad Infinitum: A Biography of Latin (New York: HarperPress, 2009),p.211.
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[34] David Osborn, “Constantine the African and Gerard of Cremona,” in GreekMedicine.Net, quoted August 20, 2016, http://www.greekmedicine.net/whos_who/Constantine_the_African_Gerard_of_Cremona.html.
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[35] Christopher de Hamel, “The European Medieval Book,” in The Book: A Global History,M. F. Suarez and H. R. Woudhuysen, eds. (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2013),p.59.
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[36] John Man, Gutenberg: How One Man Remade the World with Words (New York: MJF Books, 2002), p.88.
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