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[3] Sherwin Nuland, The Doctor’s Plague: Germs, Childbed Fever, and the Strange Story of Ignác Semmelweis (New York: Atlas Books, 2003), p.96.
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[4] Ibid., p.96.
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[5] Ibid., p.94.
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[6] 帝国皇家总医院即维也纳总医院。——译者注
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[7] Ibid., p.90.
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[8] Ibid., pp.99–100.
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[9] Ibid., p.100.
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[10] Edward Huth and T. J. Murray, Medicine in Quotations: Views of Health and Disease Through the Ages (Philadelphia: American College of Physicians, 2006), p.176.
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[11] Lane, Nick “The Unseen World: Reflections on Leeuwenhoek (1677) ‘Concerning Little Animals’” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 370: 20140344, 2015, pp.1–10.
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[12] Sherwin Nuland, The Doctor’s Plague: Germs, Childbed Fever, and the Strange Story of Ignác Semmelweis (New York: Atlas Books, 2003), p.156.
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[13] Ibid., pp.159–61.
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[14] 这种血液病指霍奇金淋巴瘤，是一种源于淋巴结和淋巴组织的血液癌症。托马斯·霍奇金在发表描述疾病的论文时，并未获得太多关注。——编者注
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[15] Thomas Hodgkin, “On Some Morbid Appearances of the Absorbent Glands and Spleen” Medico-Chirurgical Transactions, 1832. 17
:68–114.
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[16] Sherwin Nuland, Doctors: The Biography of Medicine (New York: Vintage Books, 1995),p.352.
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[17] David Wootton, Bad Medicine: Doctors Doing Harm Since Hippocrates (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2006), p.234.
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[18] Sherwin Nuland, Doctors: The Biography of Medicine (New York: Vintage Books, 1995), p.354.
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[19] Ibid., p.355.
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[20] Ibid., p.356.
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[21] Richard A. Fisher, Joseph Lister 1827–1912 (New York: Stein and Day, 1977), p.52.
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[22] Melvin Santer, Confronting Contagion: Our Evolving Understanding of Disease (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2014), p.211.
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[23] Jacob Henle, On Miasmata and Contagia, trans. George Rosen (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1938), p.14.
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[24] Ibid., p.19.
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[25] Richard A. Fisher, Joseph Lister 1827–1912 (New York: Stein and Day, 1977), p.132.
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[26] Sherwin Nuland, Doctors: The Biography of Medicine (New York: Vintage Books, 1995), p.362.
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[27] Ibid., p.363.
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