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[5] https://www.greekmyths-greekmythology.com/morpheus-the-god-of-dreams/. Accessed October 4, 2018.
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[6] M. L. Meldrum, “A capsule history of pain management,” JAMA, 290(18), Nov. 12, 2003.
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[7] “麻醉”（narcotize）源于希腊语Narke一词，表示昏迷、麻木之意。——作者注
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[8] Ibid., p.2.
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[9] Sherwin Nuland, The Origins of Anesthesia (Birmingham: Classics of Modern Medicine, 1983), p.25.
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[10] https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/josephpriestleyoxygen.html. Accessed October 9, 2019.
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[11] Ibid.
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[12] Ibid.
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[13] 燃素（Phlogiston）源于希腊语，意为被燃烧的。——作者注
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[14] Henry Guerlac, “Joseph Black and Fixed Air, a Bicentenary Retrospective, with some New or Little Known Material,” Isis, vol. 48, No. 2, 1957, p.125.
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[15] https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/josephpriestleyoxygen.html. Accessed October 9, 2019.
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[16] Humphry Davy, Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous Oxide (Bristol, UK: Biggs and Cottle, 1800), p.556.
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[17] Sherwin Nuland, The Origins of Anesthesia (Birmingham: Classics of Modern Medicine, 1983), p.54.
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[18] Ibid., p.55.
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[19] Ibid., p.63.
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[20] https://archive.org/stream/101495446.nlm.nih.gov/101495446#page/n1/mode/2up. Accessed October 9, 2019.
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[21] Sherwin Nuland, The Origins of Anesthesia (Birmingham: Classics of Modern Medicine, 1983), p.65.
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[22] Ibid., p.67.
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[23] Ibid., p.68.
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[24] John Collins Warren, “Inhalation of ethereal vapor for the prevention of pain in surgical operations,” Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, December 9, 1846.
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[25] Sherwin Nuland, The Origins of Anesthesia (Birmingham: Classics of Modern Medicine, 1983), p.99.
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[26] Gordon, H. Laing, quoted in Sherwin Nuland, The Origins of Anesthesia (Birmingham: Classics of Modern Medicine, 1983), p.108.
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[27] http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/victoria.html. Accessed October 9, 2019.
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