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马戈利斯为大众所做的演讲内容,详见:“Administration of vorinostat disrupts HIV-1 latency in patients on ART,” Abstract #157LB,19th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections,Seattle,WA(2012).
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莱温将其对伏立诺他的试验数据与分析结果,分享于:“HIV latency and eradication:clinical perspectives,” Abstract #106,19th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections,Seattle,WA(2012).
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“这是有史以来,我们首度证明有方法可以专门针对潜伏病毒,这是迈向治愈HIV感染的第一步。”此话引述自莱温,收录于:“Drug helps purge hidden HIV virus,UNC study shows” from the University of North Carolina School of Medicine(March 8,2012).
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27 锌指一弹
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以我学位论文的研究结果为基础,坎农与我合著了一篇论文:“Zinc finger nuclease-mediated CCR5 knockout hematopoietic stem cell transplantation controls HIV-1 in vivo,” Nature Biotechnology 28(Aug 2010).
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坎农的背景信息,援引自个人访谈。
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加州再生医学研究所为“梦之队”提供了资助,此事详见:http://www.cirm.ca.gov/our-funding/awards/ziinc-finger-nuclease-based-stem-cell-therapy-aids.
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坎农所说的“这方法能奏效,就像是‘根本理所当然嘛’!这是最稀松平常的事情。我那时还没心理准备,看到其他人对这些结果叹为观止”。摘录自:“Locking Out HIV,” CIRM Annual Report (2011).
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关于亨里奇与库里茨克斯的背景信息,援引自个人访谈。
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亨里奇第一篇关于波士顿病人的结果,详见:“Long-term reduction in peripheral blood HIV-1 reservoirs following reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation in two HIV-positive individuals,” Abstract THAA0101,XIX International AIDS Conference,Washington,DC(2012).
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波士顿病人受到各种出版物的关注,包括:“Two More Nearing AIDS ‘Cure’ after Bone Marrow Transplants,Doctors Say,” National Public Radio,Shots health blog (July 26,2012).
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针对控制者于疗程中断后的病毒学和免疫学研究(VISCONTI)此一队列所做的研究结果,详见:“Post-treatment HIV-1 controllers with a long-term virological remission after the interruption of early initiated antiretroviral therapy ANRS VISCONTI study,” PLoS Pathogens (Mar 24,2013).
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关于巴尔的摩的背景信息,援引自个人访谈内容。
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巴尔的摩与陈绍虞首篇关于小干扰RNA(siRNA)的论文:“Inhibiting HIV-1 infection in human T cells by lentiviral-mediated delivery of small interfering RNA against CCR5,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 100(Jan 7,2003).
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“amFAR对于探究基因疗法在消灭HIV中扮演的角色,兴趣源自2009年《新英格兰医学期刊》上刊登的关于柏林一位患者的报道。”此描述节录自:“Manipulating the Smallest Building Blocks of Life to Defeat the World’s Biggest Infectious Disease Killer,” amFAR,The Foundation for AIDS Research press release (February 18,2010).
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陈绍虞与巴尔的摩获加州再生医学研究所的2000万美元资助,用于“基于人类多潜能干细胞技术,以RNAi干扰CCR5表现来治疗HIV”的研究,详见:“Researchers knock down gene to stop HIV in its tracks,C” Nature Medicine ,16(2010).
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28 受虐的人,被尊敬的人,锲而不舍的人
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关于尤克尔描述布朗体内残存病毒的内容,详见:“Increased risk of virologic rebound in patients on antiviral therapy with isolated detectable viral loads <48 copies/ml by Taqman PCR RT-PCR Assay,” International Workshop on HIV & Hepatitis Virus Drug Resistance and Curative Strategies,Sitges,Spain(2012).
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“如果你做了足够多的PCR循环,那连白开水中都能检测到粉红大象的信号。”此语节录自:“Evidence That Man Cured of HIV Harbors Viral Remnants Triggers Confusion,” Science Insider (June 11,2012).
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该篇新闻稿是由阿兰·拉弗亚德所发表:“The So Lalles HIV Cured ‘Berlin’ Patient Still Has Detectable HIV in His Body,” PRWeb UK (June 11,2012).
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“撇除断续检测到极低量的HIV信号的可能性,柏林病人已有5年未进行抗逆转录病毒治疗,但以标准试验法已无法检测到病毒血症,且其HIV抗体已衰减,HIV专一性T细胞已几乎无法检测到,且已找不到证据揭示与HIV相关的免疫病程。该患者在任何临床的定义下已达到长期的缓解,且几乎可说是具根除性治愈。即使是文献里描述的最卓越、最‘非凡’的控制者,也具有更多曾持续感染的证据。”此节引自:“Challenges in detecting HIV persistence during potentially curative interventions:a study of the Berlin patient,” PLoS Pathogens (May 9,2013).此论文亦包含两个研究室于布朗停止治疗后,针对其样本连续5年进行病毒分析的数据资料。
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柏林病人:艾滋病医疗史的转折 时间轴
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