1700651956
[37]http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Alexander_Fleming
1700651957
1700651958
[38]Rothman, L. This Is What Happened to the First American Treated With Penicillin. Time (2016).
1700651959
1700651960
[39]Turner, P. E. et al. Antibiotic resistance correlates with transmission in plasmid evolution. Evolution 68, 3368—3380 (2014).
1700651961
1700651962
[40]Fiers, W. D., Craighead, M. ＆ Singh, I. Teixobactin and Its Analogues:A New Hope in Antibiotic Discovery. ACS Infect Dis 3, 688—690 (2017). 19 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/antibiotic-resistance
1700651963
1700651964
[41]https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/antibiotic-resistance
1700651965
1700651966
[42]Kmietowicz, Z. Few novel antibiotics in the pipeline, WHO warns. BMJ 358, j4339 (2017).
1700651967
1700651968
[43]Kumar, A. et al. Initiation of inappropriate antimicrobial therapy results in a f ivefold reduction of survival in human septic shock. Chest 136, 1237—1248 (2009).这篇文章虽被广泛引用，但其实许多顶尖的败血症研究者质疑其成果。关于这些议题，下面这篇文章很好地进行了总结：Singer, M. Antibiotics for Sepsis: Does Each Hour Really Count, or Is It Incestuous Amplif ication? American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 196, 800—802 (2017)。
1700651969
1700651970
[44]Singer, M. et al. The Third International Consensus Def initions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 315, 801—810 (2016).
1700651971
1700651972
[45]Whyte, M. B. An argument against the use of Occam’s razor in modern medical education. Med Teach 40, 99—100 (2018).
1700651973
1700651974
[46]Horror Autotoxicus and Other Concepts of Paul Ehrlich. JAMA 176,50—51 (1961).
1700651975
1700651976
[47]Strachan, D. P. Family size, infection and atopy: the f irst decade of the‘hygiene hypothesis’. Thorax 55, S2—S10 (2000).
1700651977
1700651978
第三章 皮肤与骨骼
1700651979
1700651980
[48]Wood, F. M., Stoner, M. L., Fowler, B. V. ＆ Fear, M. W. The use of a non-cultured autologous cell suspension and Integra dermal regeneration template to repair full-thickness skin wounds in a porcine model: a one-step process. Burns 33, 693—700 (2007).
1700651981
1700651982
[49]Fierer, N. et al. Forensic identif ication using skin bacterial communities.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107, 6477—6481 (2010).
1700651983
1700651984
[50]Harris, S. Free Will. (Simon ＆ Schuster, 2012).
1700651985
1700651986
[51]Hallett, M. Volitional control of movement: the physiology of free will. Clin Neurophysiol 118, 1179—1192 (2007).
1700651987
1700651988
[52]大卫·杜楚尼（David Duchovny），美国电视剧演员，《X档案》男主角穆德警官的扮演者。
1700651989
1700651990
[53]Goetz, L. H. ＆ Schork, N. J. Personalized medicine: motivation,challenges, and progress. Fertil. Steril. 109, 952—963 (2018).
1700651991
1700651992
[54]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Great_Britain_and_Ireland_cold_wave
1700651993
1700651994
[55]Campbell, D. NHS intensive care units sending patients elsewhere due to lack of beds. The Guardian (2018).
1700651995
1700651996
[56]维克多·埃米尔·弗兰克尔（Viktor Emil Frankl，1905—1997），美国临床心理学家，犹太人大屠杀幸存者，意义治疗的奠基人，代表作有《活出生命的意义》《追求意义的意志》《无意义生活之痛苦》等。
1700651997
1700651998
[57]Frankl, V. E. (2006). Man’s Search for Meaning. Boston: Beacon Press.
1700651999
1700652000
[58]Westwood, N. Going Lean in the NHS. NHS England (2007).
1700652001
1700652002
[59]节礼日（Boxing Day），英国特有的一个圣诞期间节日，定于每年12月26日，这一天全英国的商家都用打折吸引顾客。
1700652003
1700652004
[60]WHO. Road traff ic injuries. World Health Organization (2018).
1700652005
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.700651956e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]