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[41] Uttal (2001); Rose (2005); Nobre, A. and van Ede, F. (2020), Journal of Neuroscience 40: 89–100.
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[42] Raichle, M., et al. (2001), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 98
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[43] Raichle, M. (2015), Annual Review of Neuroscience 38: 433–47; Sormaz, M., et al. (2018), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 115: 9318–23;Kaplan, R., et al. (2016), Current Biology 26: 686–91.
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[44] Fox, K., et al. (2018), Trends in Cognitive Sciences 20: 307–24.
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[45] Frégnac, Y. (2017), Science 358: 470–77, p. 472.
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[46] Lange, F. (1877), History of Materialism and Criticism of Its Present Importance, vol. 3 (London: Trübner), p. 137.
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[47] 这些引述来自Gregory, R. (1959), in Symposium on the Mechanisation of Thought Processes (London: HMSO), pp. 669–82, pp. 680, 664。
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[48] Gregory, R. (1961), in W. Thorpe and O. Zangwill (eds.), Current Problems in Animal Behaviour (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 307–30; Gregory, R. (1981), Mind in Science: A History of Explanations in Psychology and Physics (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson).
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[49] 作者此处的“功能特异性”指的就是某个功能定位到某个脑区的功能定位化观点。——译者注
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[50] Gregory (1981), p. 84.
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[51] Friston, K. (2011), Brain Connectivity 1: 13–36.
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[52] Paré, D. and Quirk, G. (2017), npj Science of Learning 2: 6; Adolphs and Anderson (2018).
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[53] Pignatelli, M. and Beyeler, A. (2019), Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 26
:97–106; Corder, G., et al. (2019), Science 363: 276–81; Morrow, K., et al. (2019), Journal of Neuroscience 39: 3663–75; Chen, P., et al. (2019), Cell 176: 1206–21. e18.
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[54] Padmanabhan, K., et al. (2019), Frontiers in Neuroanatomy 12: 115.
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[55] Baumann, O., et al. (2015), Cerebellum 14: 197–220; Carta, I., et al. (2019), Science 363: eaav058.
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[56] Genon, S., et al. (2018), Trends in Cognitive Sciences 22: 350–63.
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[57] Harrington, A. (1990), in Harrington, A. (ed.), So Human a Brain: Knowledge and Values in the Neurosciences (New York: Springer), pp. 247–325, p. 268; Butler, A. (2009), in L. Squire (ed.), Encyclopedia of Neuroscience (New York: Academic Press).
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[58] Pogliano, C. (2017), Nuncius 32: 330–75, p. 352.
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[59] Koestler, A. (1967), The Ghost in the Machine (London: Hutchinson), p. 296.
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[60] Sagan, C. (1977), The Dragons of Eden: Speculations on the Evolution of Human Intelligence (London: Hodder and Stoughton). 另 见：Holden, B. (1979), Science 204: 1066–8。
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[61] 我能听到你在说：“好吧，聪明人，你的这本书有多少部分能经得起40年后的重读？”我的回答是，其中的绝大部分都可以，尽管有些内容看起来会显得古怪、天真和过于乐观。
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[62] Sagan (1977), p. 142. 萨根大篇幅地写了这类东西，这在当时是很荒谬的。
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[63] MacLean, P. (1990), The Triune Brain in Evolution: Role in Paleocerebral Functions (New York: Plenum).
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[64] 三个简单的例子能说明麦克林错得有多离谱：这种“爬行动物脑”并不仅仅出现于爬行动物中，鱼类中也有；原始哺乳动物的脑并不仅仅负责育儿行为，鸟类也是优秀的养育者，但没有这种结构；新皮层（neocortex）并不是哺乳动物适应性的产物，它的一些元素也可以在鸟类和鱼类身上找到。
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[65] Reiner, A. (1990), Science 250: 303–5.
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