打字猴:1.70067815e+09
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1700678151 [67] Quian Quiroga, R., et al. (2008), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 105: 3599–604.
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1700678153 [68] 英文版此处使用的单词是“aware”,在这样的语境下翻译成“意识”“感觉”都容易引发歧义,因此中文版翻译作“感知”。——译者注
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1700678155 [69] Gelbard-Sagiv, H., et al. (2018), Nature Communications 9: 2057.
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1700678157 [70] 作者此处的“因为它处理现象,而不是因为它令人惊叹,虽然它确实如此”是在使用一词多义开小玩笑:“现象意识”的英语“phenomenal conscious-ness”中的“phenomenal”既有“现象的”的意思,也有“非凡的”“令人惊叹的”等意思。——译者注
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1700678159 [71] Crick, F. and Koch, C. (1995a), Nature 375: 121–3; Crick, F. and Koch, C. (1995b), Nature 377: 294–5; Pollen, D. (1995), Nature 377: 293–4; Block, N. (1996), Trends in Neurosciences 19: 456–9.
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1700678161 [72] 哲学家们能得到多少就能给予多少。美国哲学家乔纳森·韦斯特法尔(Jon-athan Westphal)曾说过:“看到一些哲学家在自己的立场上同科学家争论,并提出一些毫无疑问是可以检验的科学理论,这是很有启发性的,尽管科学家给哲学家提的建议并没有太大的启发意义。”见:Westphal, J. (2016), The Mind-Body Problem (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), p. 137。
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1700678163 [73] Fahrenfort, J., et al. (2017), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 114: 3744–9; Dehaene, S. (2014), Consciousness and the Brain: Deciphering how the Brain Codes Our Thoughts (New York: Penguin); Block, N. (2015), in G. Marcus and J. Freeman (eds.), The Future of the Brain: Essays by the World’s Leading Neuroscientists (Oxford: Princeton University Press), pp. 161–76.
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1700678165 [74] Olby, R. (2009), Francis Crick: Hunter of Life’s Secrets (Cold Spring Harbor: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press), p. 418.
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1700678167 [75] Libet, B., et al. (1979), Brain 102: 193–224.
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1700678169 [76] Dominik, T., et al. (2018), Consciousness and Cognition 65: 1–26.
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1700678171 [77] Maoz, U., et al. (2019), eLife 8: e39787.
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1700678173 [78] Frith, C. and Haggard, P. (2018), Trends in Neurosciences 41: 405–7.
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1700678175 [79] Libet, B. (1994), Journal of Consciousness Studies 1: 119–26; Libet, B. (2006), Progress in Neurobiology 78: 322–6, p. 324.
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1700678177 [80] Koch et al. (2016).
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1700678179 [81] Rangarajan, V., et al. (2014), Journal of Neuroscience 34: 12828–36, p. 12831.
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1700678181 [82] Jonas, J., et al. (2018), Cortex 99: 296–310.
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1700678183 [83] Parvizi, J., et al. (2013), Neuron 80: 1359–67.
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1700678185 [84] Churchland, P. (2013), Neuron 80: 1337–8, p. 1337.
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1700678187 [85] Ibid., p. 1338.
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1700678189 [86] Chalmers, D. (1995), Journal of Consciousness Studies 2: 200–219.
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1700678191 [87] 英语单词为“qualia”,另一种译法是“感受质”。——译者注
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1700678193 [88] 在索尔克研究所的一场讨论中,关于“我们永远不可能弄清楚意识,因为我们永远不知道作为一只蝙蝠是什么感受”这一点,约瑟夫·伯根(Joseph Bogen)打趣道:“你当然永远不会知道蝙蝠的感受,可这并不意味着我们无法理解意识,我也完全不知道作为我的妻子是什么感觉!”这是一个很妙的插科打诨,但在某种程度上也正是内格尔的观点。见:Bogen, J. (2006), The History of Neuroscience in Autobiography 5:46–122。
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1700678195 [89] Nagel, T. (1974), Philosophical Review 83: 435–50; Strawson (2017).
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1700678197 [90] 作者这段引文引自第三者的著述,并非直接引自查尔默斯,因此是“都不能说服他”。这段话的原始出处是科赫的图书《意识:一个浪漫主义还原论者的自白》(Consciousness: Confessions of a Romantic Reductionist)。——译者注
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1700678199 [91] Nagel, T. (2017), in K. Almqvist and A. Haag (eds.), The Return of Consciousness:A New Science on Old Questions (Stockholm: Axel and Margaret Ax:son Johnson Foundation), pp. 41–6, p. 45.
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