打字猴:1.70069728e+09
1700697280
1700697281 他们质疑的是:“Nutrition and Physical Degeneration: A Comparison of Primitive and Modern Diets and Their Effects,”Journal of the American Medical Association 114,no. 26(June 1940): 2589,https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/1160631?redirect=true。
1700697282
1700697283 鼻窦球囊扩张术:纳亚克谨慎地指出,这些患者是经过严格挑选的,而且在另外一年的时间里,患者不需要其他程序性治疗。他告诉我,鼻窦球囊扩张术对这些患者有效,但不是对所有人都有效。
1700697284
1700697285 鼻内瓣膜区凹陷:Jukka Tikanto and Tapio Pirilä,“Effects of the Cottle’s Maneuver on the Nasal Valve as Assessed by Acoustic Rhinometry,”American Journal of Rhinology 21,no. 4(July 2007): 456–59。
1700697286
1700697287 鼻中隔偏曲:Shawn Bishop,“If Symptoms Aren’t Bothersome,Deviated Septum Usually Doesn’t Require Treatment,”Mayo Clinic News Network,July 8,2011,https://newsnetwork. mayoclinic.org/discussion/if-symptoms-arent-bothersome-deviated-septum-usually-doesnt-require-treatment/。
1700697288
1700697289 一半的人:Sanford M. Archer and Arlen D. Meyers,“Turbinate Dysfunction,”Medscape,Feb. 13,2019。
1700697290
1700697291 切除了他四分之三的鼻甲:彼得的故事特别令人揪心。在他的手术后,医生给他开了抗抑郁药,并告诉他,他只是有了与年龄有关的问题。接下来的三年里,他学习用x射线构建一个复杂的三维模型,然后他将用这个模型来测量所谓的“计算流体动力学”。这些前后的模型和数据使他能够确定气流速度、分布、温度、压力、阻力和湿度的确切变化,这些变化受到他以前的鼻甲手术的影响。总的来说,他的鼻腔比正常或健康的鼻腔大四倍。他的鼻子已经失去了适当加热空气的能力,空气以两倍于正常的速度通过鼻子。彼得说,尽管如此,医学界的很大一部分人仍然认为,空鼻症是一个心理问题,而不是生理问题。在这里可以阅读更多关于彼得的研究:http://emptynosesyndromeaerodynamics.com。
1700697292
1700697293 想过去死:医学界普遍认为,空鼻症不是鼻子的问题,而是心理问题。在《洛杉矶时报》的一篇文章中,一位医生提到了空鼻症,他称其为“空头综合症”。Aaron Zitner,“Sniffing at Empty Nose Idea,”Los Angeles Times,May 10,2001; Cedric Lemogne et al.,“Treating Empty Nose Syndrome as a Somatic Symptom Disorder,”General Hospital Psychiatry 37,no. 3(May–June 2015): 273.e9–e10; Joel Oliphint,“Is Empty Nose Syndrome Real? And If Not,Why Are People Killing Themselves Over It?,”BuzzFeed,Apr. 14,2016; Yin Lu,“Kill the Doctors,”Global Times,Nov. 26,2013,http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/827820.shtml。
1700697294
1700697295 几百名空鼻症受害者:数十名研究人员证实了彼得和其他空鼻症患者所报告的情况:这种情况正是鼻外科手术造成的真实的、可测量的损害。Chengyu Li,Alexander A. Farag,James Leach,Bhakthi Deshpande,et al.“Computational Fluid Dynamics and Trigeminal Sensory Examinations of Empty Nose Syndrome Patients,”Laryngoscope,June 1,2018,E176-184; Jennifer Malik,et al.“The Cotton Test Redistributes Nasal Airflow in Patients with Empty Nose Syndrome,”International Forum of Allergy&Rhinology,Jan. 2020,539-545.
1700697296
1700697297 将近五分之一:奥列芬特:“空鼻症是真的吗?”
1700697298
1700697299 注意缺陷多动障碍:Michael L. Gelb,“Airway Centric TMJ Philosophy,”CDA Journal 42,no. 8(Aug. 2014): 551–62,https://pdfs. semanticscholar.org/8bc1/8887d39960f9c ce328f5c61ee356e11d0c09.pdf。
1700697300
1700697301 气道阻塞:Felix Liao,Six-Foot Tiger,Three-Foot Cage: Take Charge of Your Health by Taking Charge of Your Mouth(Carlsbad,CA: Crescendo,2017),59。
1700697302
1700697303 弗里德曼舌位高度分级:Rebecca Harvey et al.,“Friedman Tongue Position and Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea,”Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology 2,no. 5(Aug. 2017): 320–24; Pippa Wysong,“Treating OSA? Don’t Forget the Tongue,”ENTtoday,Jan. 1,2008,https://www.enttoday.org/article/treating-osa-dont-forget-the-tongue/。
1700697304
1700697305 堵塞咽喉:An overview of this dilemma can be found on Dr. Eric Kezirian’s website: https://sleep-doctor.com/blog/new-research-treating-the-large-tongue-in-sleep-apnea-surgery。
1700697306
1700697307 超过43厘米:Liza Torborg,“Neck Size One Risk Factor for Obstructive Sleep Apnea,”Mayo Clinic,June 20,2015,https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/mayo-clinic-q-and-a-neck-size-one-risk-factor-for-obstructive-sleep-apnea/。
1700697308
1700697309 气道阻塞有90%:Gelb,“Airway Centric TMJ Philosophy”; Luqui Chi et al.,“Identification of Craniofacial Risk Factors for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Using Three-Dimensional MRI,”European Respiratory Journal 38,no. 2(Aug. 2011): 348–58。
1700697310
1700697311 在儿童患者身上效果尤其明显:根据盖尔伯的说法,6个月大时出现呼吸问题的婴儿从4岁左右开始出现行为问题(包括多动症)的概率要高40%。Michael Gelb and Howard Hindin,Gasp! Airway Health—The Hidden Path to Wellness(self-published,2016),Kindle location 850。
1700697312
1700697313 注意缺陷多动障碍患儿:Chai Woodham,“Does Your Child Really Have ADHD?,”U.S. News,June 20,2012,https://health.usnews.com/health-news/articles/2012/06/20/does-your-child-really-have-adhd。
1700697314
1700697315 几年后可能出现……问题:关于这个非常普遍且令人沮丧的主题还有许多,“研究发现,扁桃体切除术后,孩子表现更好,睡眠更好”。press release,University of Michigan Health System,Apr. 3,2006,https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-04/uomh-kba032806.php; Susan L. Garetz,“Adenotonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children,”UptoDate,Oct。2019,https://www.uptodate.com/contents/adenotonsillectomy-for-obstructive-sleep-apnea-in-children。值得注意的是,根据几项研究发现,大多数口呼吸的孩子也会睡眠不足,而睡眠不足会对他们的成长产生直接影响。Yosh Jefferson,“Mouth Breathing: Adverse Effects on Facial Growth,Health,Academics,and Behavior,”General Dentistry 58,no. 1(Jan.–Feb. 2010): 18–25; Carlos Torre and Christian Guilleminault,“Establishment of Nasal Breathing Should Be the Ultimate Goal to Secure Adequate Craniofacial and Airway Development in Children,”Jornal de Pediatria 94,no. 2(Mar.–Apr. 2018): 101–3.一项对1900名儿童进行了15年跟踪调查的研究发现,患有严重打鼾、睡眠呼吸暂停和其他睡眠呼吸障碍的儿童肥胖的可能性是不打鼾儿童的两倍。症状最严重的儿童患肥胖症的风险增加了60%到100%。“Short Sleep Duration and Sleep-Related Breathing Problems Increase Obesity Risk in Kids,”press release,Albert Einstein College of Medicine,Dec. 11,2014。
1700697316
1700697317 诺尔曼·金斯利:Sheldon Peck,“Dentist,Artist,Pioneer: Orthodontic Innovator Norman Kingsley and His Rembrandt Portraits,”Journal of the American Dental Association 143,no. 4(Apr. 2012): 393–97。
1700697318
1700697319 皮埃尔·罗宾:Ib Leth Nielsen,“Guiding Occlusal Development with Functional Appliances,”Australian Orthodontic Journal 14,no. 3(Oct. 1996): 133–42; “Functional Appliances,”British Orthodontic Society; John C. Bennett,Orthodontic Management of Uncrowded Class II Division 1 Malocclusion in Children(St. Louis: Mosby/Elsevier,2006); “Isolated Pierre Robin sequence,”Genetics Home Reference,https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/isolated-pierre-robin-sequence。
1700697320
1700697321 缩进正畸:被认为是“美国正畸之父”的爱德华·安格尔(Edward Angle)反对拔牙。同时,他的学生查尔斯·H ·特威德(Charles H. Tweed)支持拔牙。最终,特威德的方法获胜了。Sheld on Peck,“Ext ractio ns,Retention and Stability: The Search for Orthodontic Truth,”European Journal of Orthodontics 39,no. 2(Apr. 2017): 109–15。
1700697322
1700697323 约翰·缪医生:缪在西萨塞克斯的维多利亚女王医院担任面部外科医生,花了三年时间研究口腔的工作原理。他知道,构成面部的14块拼图式骨骼需要以正确的方式一起发育,其中任何一块骨骼被伤害都可能影响整个口腔和面部的功能和生长。
1700697324
1700697325 通过拔牙缩进正畸的孩子:拔牙会导致面部变平,这一点在牙齿矫正行业并不被广泛接受。有几项研究声称,拔牙会导致面部逆生长,而其他研究则显示拔牙后,面部几乎没有变化。还有人说,需要首先考虑腭的宽度来确定面部是否会变平。Antônio Carlos de Oliveira Ruellas et al.,“Tooth Extraction in Orthodontics: An Evaluation of Diagnostic Elements,”Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 15,no. 3(May–June 2010): 134–57; Anita Bhavnani Rathod et al.,“Extraction vs No Treatment: Long-Term Facial Profile Changes,”American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 147,no. 5(May 2015): 596–603; Abdol-Hamid Zafarmand and Mohamad-Mahdi Zafarmand,“Premolar Extraction in Orthodontics: Does It Have Any Effect on Patient’s Facial Height?,”Journal of the International Society of Preventive&Community Dentistry 5,no. 1(Jan. 2015): 64–68。
1700697326
1700697327 兄弟姐妹之间测量比对:John Mew,The Cause and Cure of Malocclusion(John Mew Orthotropics),https://johnmewor thotropics.co.uk/the-cause-and-cure-of-malocclusion-book/[inactive]; Vicki Cheeseman,interview with Kevin Boyd,“Understanding Modern Systemic Diseases through a Study of Anthropology,”Dentistry IQ,June 27,2012。
1700697328
1700697329 好几位牙医:二十几项可追溯到20世纪30年代的科学研究报告可在以下网站查阅,www.mrjamesnestor.com/breath。
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