打字猴:1.701047965e+09
1701047965
1701047966
1701047967 fiφi=φifi
1701047968
1701047969 (这里φi∶Ci(Σn)→Ci(Σn)是命题8.2中的单纯映射φ∶Σn→Σn导出的链同态),并且fi(Ci(Σn-1))⊂Ci(Σn-1).
1701047970
1701047971 由于∂n(fn(dn))=fn-1(∂ndn)=(-1)nfn-1(zn-1)在Σn-1中,根据引理3,存在整数k和l,使得
1701047972
1701047973
1701047974
1701047975
1701047976
1701047977
1701047978 从dn与的关系式有
1701047979
1701047980
1701047981
1701047982
1701047983
1701047984 于是而zn是Hn(Σn)=Zn(Σn)的生成元,从而得出deg(f)=k+l.
1701047985
1701047986
1701047987
1701047988
1701047989
1701047990 (1)的证明 当n=1时,f∶|Σ1|→|Σ1|保径,并且f(|Σ0|)⊂|Σ0|,而设则
1701047991
1701047992
1701047993 对两边用∂1作用
1701047994
1701047995
1701047996
1701047997
1701047998
1701047999 而从而
1701048000
1701048001
1701048002
1701048003
1701048004 于是k-l=ε,|k-l|=1,推出deg(f)=k+l是奇数.
1701048005
1701048006 (2)的证明
1701048007
1701048008
1701048009
1701048010
1701048011
1701048012
1701048013
1701048014 Zn-1是Hn-1(Σn-1)=Zn-1(Σn-1)的生成元,因此由归纳假设知,k-l是奇数,从而deg(f)=k+l也是奇数. ▎
[ 上一页 ]  [ :1.701047965e+09 ]  [ 下一页 ]