打字猴:1.701125711e+09
1701125711
1701125712 [8] 尤其参见 Jenal,Italia ascetica ,1:96-97,2:492。
1701125713
1701125714 [9] Paulinus,Letter 32.17.
1701125715
1701125716 [10] Paulinus,Letter 13.15.
1701125717
1701125718 [11] P.Heather,The Fall of the Roman Empire:A New History of Rome and the Barbarians (Oxford:Oxford University Press,2006),145-232 提供了对这些年的生动描述。
1701125719
1701125720 [12] Zosimus,Historia nova 5.41.4,Mendelssohn,p. 270,Ridley,p.121.
1701125721
1701125722 [13] P.Veyne,“La prise de Rome en 410 et les Grandes Invasions,” L’empire gréco-romain ,713-47 at pp. 726-29. P. Courcelle,Histoire littéraire des grandes invasions germaniques ,3rd ed. (Paris:études Augustiniennes,1964),31-77 仍是对这次毁灭的相关文献证据的最好分析。亦可参见B. Brenk,“L’anno 410 e il suo effetto sull’arte chiesastica a Roma,” in Ecclesiae urbis ,ed. F. Guidobaldi and A.G. Guidobaldi,Studi di Antichità Cristiana 59 (Rome:Pontificio Istituto di Antichità Cristiana,2002),2:1001-18。
1701125723
1701125724 [14] Olympiodorus,Fragment 24,p. 187.
1701125725
1701125726 [15]VL 3.1 and 5.1-6.3,pp. 160,162-64;VG 3 and 5-6,pp. 132-36;Clark,pp. 29-30. 关于皮尼亚努斯和小梅兰尼娅作为“模范和例外”,参见Jenal,Italia ascetica ,1:81-86,2:484-87. 现参见R. Alciati and M. Giorda,“Possessions and Asceticism:Melania the Younger and Her Slow Way to Jerusalem,” Zeitschrift für Antikes Christentum 14 (2010):425-44。
1701125727
1701125728 [16]VL 15.1,p. 184,将财产归于小梅兰尼娅,VG 15,p. 156,157n4 则将之归于皮尼亚努斯。Clark,p. 38. 我们必须意识到这些常见的夸张的数量。
1701125729
1701125730 [17] B.Brenk,“La cristianizzazione della Domus dei Valerii sul Celio,” in The Transformations of Vrbs Roma ,69-84.
1701125731
1701125732 [18] Symmachus,Letter 7.116,Callu,3:105.
1701125733
1701125734 [19]VL 10.1,p. 172;VG 10,pp. 144-46,145n6;Clark,p. 33;Palladius,Lausiac History 61.5 提供了被解放奴隶的总数。Palladius于404~405年在罗马郊区拜访了这对夫妇,特别参见K. Cooper,“Poverty,Obligation,and Inheritance:Roman Heiresses and the Varieties of Senatorial Christianity in Fifth-Century Rome,” in Religion,Dynasty,and Patronage ,165-89 at pp. 165-66。
1701125735
1701125736 [20] Zosimus,Historia nova 5.42.3,Mendelssohn,p. 272,Ridley,p.122.
1701125737
1701125738 [21] A.Giardina,“Carità eversiva:Le donazioni di Melania la Giovane e gli equilibri della società tardoromana,” Studi storici 29 (1988):127-42 at pp. 139-40. 新成果参见 B. Pottier,“Entre les villes et les campagnes:Le banditisme en Italie du IVe au VIe siècle,” in Les cités de l’Italie tardo-antique ,251-66。
1701125739
1701125740 [22]VL 11.1-7,p. 174;VG 11,pp. 146-48;Clark,pp. 34-35;Curran,Pagan City and Christian Capital ,299-300;G.D. Dunn,“The Care of the Poor in Rome and Alaric’s Sieges,” in Prayer and Spirituality in the Early Church ,vol. 5,Poverty and Riches ,ed. Dunn,D. Luckensmeyer,and L. Cross (Sydney:St. Paul’s,2009),319-33.
1701125741
1701125742 [23]VL 12.9,p. 180;VG 12,p. 152;Clark,p. 37.
1701125743
1701125744 [24]VL 13.2,p. 182;VG 13,p. 154;Clark,p. 37.
1701125745
1701125746 [25] Heather,The Fall of the Roman Empire ,216-27.
1701125747
1701125748 [26] Zosimus,Historia nova 5.38.3-4,Mendelssohn,p. 266,Ridley,p. 119.
1701125749
1701125750 [27] Zosimus,Historia nova 6.11.2,Mendelssohn,p. 292,Ridley,p.130.
1701125751
1701125752 [28] Zosimus,Historia nova 6.7.4,Mendelssohn,p. 288,Ridley,p. 129.
1701125753
1701125754 [29] 有证据表明皮尼亚努斯和小梅兰尼娅因为支持斯提利科而受到惩罚。A. Demandt and G. Brummer,“Der Prozess gegen Serena im Jahre 408 n. Chr.,” Historia 26 (1977):479-502. 我不那么确定,但是我毫不怀疑,在这对夫妇定居于罗马的最后时期政治因素所起的重要作用。
1701125755
1701125756 [30]VL 34.1-3,p. 214;VG 19,p. 166;Clark,p. 42.
1701125757
1701125758 [31] Palladius,Lausiac History 54.1 论老梅兰尼娅。
1701125759
1701125760 [32]VL 34.1,p. 214;VG 19,p. 166;Clark,p. 42.
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