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[25] Gregory of Tours,De virtutibus sancti Martini ,ed. B. Krusch,MGH:Scriptores rerum Merovingcarum (Hannover:Hahn,1885),1.31.
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[26] Gregory of Tours,Histories 7.29. 现参见A.E. Jones,Social Mobility in Late Antique Gaul:Strategies and Opportunities for the Non-Elite (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2009),226-49。
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[27]Liber Pontificalis 51,Duchesne,1:255n5 at p. 256.
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[28] 对教宗西玛库斯的出色描述,参见Chadwick,Boethius ,31-39;现参见Sardella,Società,chiesa e stato ,41-111,183-95。
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[29]Liber Pontificalis 53,Davis,pp. 45-46.
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[30]Vitae patrum Emeritensium 5.3.1-8,ed. J.N. Garvin,The Vitas sanctorum patrum Emeritensium (Washington,DC:Catholic University of America Press,1946),192-95.
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[31]Vitae patrum Emeritensium 5.3.11,Garvin,p. 196.
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[32] 例如Venantius Fortunatus,Vita Germani ,PL:12 (Paris:J.-P. Migne,1846);and Cyprianus of Toulon,Vita Caesarii 2.8。有关教会仓库及其储备充盈的奇迹,参见Sternberg,Orientalium more secutus ,73-79。关于亚历山大里亚教会的一个类似的神秘事件,参见V. Déroche,Études sur Léontios de Néapolis ,Studia Byzantina Upsalensia 3 (Uppsala:Alqmvist and Wiksell,1995),238-49——提及圣徒传记作者所创作的“奇迹式的经济”。现参见D. Caner,“Towards a Miraculous Economy:Christian Gifts and Material ‘Blessings’ in Late Antiquity,” Journal of Early Christian Studies 14 (2006):329-77。
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[33] Sternberg,Orientalium more secutus ,126-35.
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[34] M. Borgolte,“Felix est homo ille qui amicos bonos relinquit: Zur sozialen Gestaltungskraft letzwilliger Verfügungen am Beispiel Bischofs Bertrams von le Mans (616),” in Festschrift für Berent Schwineköper ,ed. H. Maurer and H. Patze (Sigmaringen:J. Thorbecke,1982),5-18 at p. 13.
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[35] Sternberg,Orientalium more secutus ,150 针对与东部帝国的不同。
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[36] Tours II (567),canon 5,Concilia Galliae ,p. 178. 参见Gregory of Tours,Histories 4.47-48,6.41,7.2,7.28——关于战争的冲击。
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[37]Inscriptions chrétiennes de la Gaule antérieures au VIIIesiècle ,ed. E. Le Blant (Paris:Imprimerie impériale,1856),no. 173,1:234;和De virtutibus sancti Martini 一起被很好地翻译了出来,trans. Van Dam,Saints and Their Miracles ,313。
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[38] Gregory of Tours,De virtutibus sancti Martini 2.22,cf. 2.23.
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[39] Gregory of Tours,De virtutibus sancti Martini 2.24.
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[40] Gregory of Tours,De virtutibus sancti Martini 2.12.
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[41] M.A. Handley,Death,Society and Culture:Inscriptions and Epitaphs in Gaul and Spain ,AD 300-750,BAR International Series 1135 (Oxford:British Archaeological Reports,2003),161-63.参见L. Tolstoy,War and Peace ,book 6,chapter 17,trans. L. and A. Maude (London:Macmillan,1954),527-28。关于公教式的“虔敬”,参见P. Brown,“Relics and Social Status in the Age of Gregory of Tours,” in Society and the Holy in Late Antiquity (Berkeley:University of California Press,1982),222-50 at pp. 230-35。
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[42] Gregory of Tours,Histories 10.25.
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[43] Gregory of Tours,Histories 7.44.
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[44] Markus,The End of Ancient Christianity ,213-28,特别见p.225。
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[45]Pap. Ital . 4-5. B VII. 10-11,Tjäder,1:216. 特别参见J. Barbier,“Testaments et pratique testamentaire dans le royaume franc (VIe -VIIIe siècles),” in Sauver son ame et se perpétuer:Transmission du patrimoine et mémoire au haut Moyen Âge ,ed. F. Bougard,C. La Rocca,and R. Le Jan,Collection de l’École française de Rome 351 (Rome:école française de Rome,2005),7-79。现参见A. Angenendt,“Donationes pro anima :Gift and Countergift in the Early Medieval Liturgy,” in The Long Morning of Medieval Europe:New Directions in Early Medieval Studies ,ed. J.R. Davis and M. McCormick (Aldershot:Ashgate,2008),131-54。另参见Magnani,“Almsgiving,donatio pro anima and Eucharistic Offering”。
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[46] Brown,“The Decline of the Empire of God.”
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[47] W. Levison,“Das Testament des Diakons Adalgisel Grimo vom Jahre 634,” Trierer Zeitschrift 7 (1932):69-85,现收录于Aus rheinischer und fränkischer Frühzeit (Dusseldorf:L. Schwann,1948),118-38 at p.125。
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[48] Gregory of Tours,De virtutibus sancti Martini 2.60.
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[49] M. Weidemann,Das Testament des Bischofs Bertram von Le Mans vom 27 . März 616:Untersuchungen zu Besitz und Geschichte einer fränkischen Familie im 6. und 7. Jahrhundert , Röisch-germanisches Zentralmuseum,Monographien 9 (Mainz:R. Habelt,1986),11.
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