1701558261
1701558262
31 植物的命名模式： Atran, S. (1990). Cognitive foundations of natural history: Towards an anthropology of science. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
1701558263
1701558264
36 “对一切事物的用途都感到好奇……”： Atran, S. (1990). Cognitive foundations of natural history: Towards an anthropology of science. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, p. 216.
1701558265
1701558266
37 30000种可食用植物： Bryson, B. (2010). At home: A short history of private life. New York, NY: Doubleday, p. 37.
1701558267
1701558268
第2章
1701558269
1701558270
43但一个字也没看进去： Schooler, J. W., Reichle, E. D., & Halpern, D. V. (2004). Zoning out while reading: Evidence for dissociations between experience and metaconsciousness. In D. T. Levin (Ed.), Thinking and seeing: Visual metacognition in adults and children (pp. 203–226). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
1701558271
1701558272
43白日梦模式或神游模式： 尤其对脑岛. Menon, V., & Uddin, L. Q. (2010). Saliency, switching, attention and control: A network model of insula function. Brain Structure and Function, 214( 5–6), 655–667.
1701558273
1701558274
Andrews-Hanna, J. R., Reidler, J. S., Sepulcre, J., Poulin, R., & Buckner, R. L. (2010). Functional-anatomic fractionation of the brain’s default network. Neuron, 65(4), 550–562.
1701558275
1701558276
D’Argembeau, A., Collette, F., Van der Linden, M., Laureys, S., Del Fiore, G., Degueldre, C., … Salmon, E. (2005). Self-referential reflective activity and its relationship with rest: A PET study. NeuroImage, 25(2), 616–624.
1701558277
1701558278
Gusnard, D. A., & Raichle, M. E. (2001). Searching for a baseline: Func-tional imaging and the resting human brain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2(10), 685–694.
1701558279
1701558280
Jack, A. I., Dawson, A. J., Begany, K. L., Leckie, R. L., Barry, K. P., Ciccia, A. H., & Snyder, A. Z. (2013). fMRI reveals reciprocal inhibition between social and physical cognitive domains. NeuroImage, 66, 385–401.
1701558281
1701558282
Kelley, W. M., Macrae, C. N., Wyland, C. L., Caglar, S., Inati, S., & Heatherton, T. F. (2002). Finding the self? An event-related fMRI study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14(5), 785–794.
1701558283
1701558284
Raichle, M. E., MacLeod, A. M., Snyder, A. Z., Powers, W. J., Gusnard, D. A., & Shulman, G. L. (2001). A default mode of brain function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(2), 676–682.
1701558285
1701558286
Wicker, B., Ruby, P., Royet, J. P., & Fonlupt, P. (2003). A relation between rest and the self in the brain? Brain Research Reviews, 43(2), 224–230.
1701558287
1701558288
备注：需要机械推理或专注于物体的任务会激活我们大脑的任务专注模式或中央执行网络。
1701558289
1701558290
43这就是白日梦模式：Raichle, M. E., MacLeod, A. M., Snyder, A. Z., Pow-ers, W. J., Gusnard, D. A., & Shulman, G. L. (2001). A default mode of brain function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(2), 676–682.
1701558291
1701558292
44 默认模式：Raichle, M. E., MacLeod, A. M., Snyder, A. Z., Powers, W. J., Gusnard, D. A., & Shulman, G. L. (2001). A default mode of brain function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(2), 676–682.
1701558293
1701558294
44 神游模式： 在科学文献中，我所说的神游模式都是指预设模式或负任务网络；中央执行模式指正任务网络。
1701558295
1701558296
44 这两种大脑状态形成了阴阳两极
1701558297
1701558298
Binder, J. R., Frost, J. A., Hammeke, T. A., Bellgowan, P. S., Rao, S. M., & Cox, R. W. (1999). Conceptual processing during the conscious resting state: A functional MRI study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 11(1), 80–93.
1701558299
1701558300
Corbetta, M., Patel, G., & Shulman, G. (2008). The reorienting system of the human brain: From environment to theory of mind. Neuron, 58(3), 306–324.
1701558301
1701558302
Fox, M. D., Snyder, A. Z., Vincent, J. L., Corbetta, M., Van Essen, D. C., & Raichle, M. E. (2005). The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102(27), 9673–9678.
1701558303
1701558304
Mazoyer, B., Zago, L., Mellet, E., Bricogne, S., Etard, O., Houde, O., … Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2001). Cortical networks for working memory and executive functions sustain the conscious resting state in man. Brain Research Bulletin, 54(3), 287–298.
1701558305
1701558306
Shulman, G. L., Fiez, J. A., Corbetta, M., Buckner, R. L., Miezin, F. M., Raichle, M. E., & Petersen, S. E. (1997). Common blood flow changes across visual tasks: II. Decreases in cerebral cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 9(5), 648–663.
1701558307
1701558308
44大脑神游网络被压抑得越多：Menon, V., & Uddin, L. Q. (2010). Saliency, switching, attention and control: A network model of insula function. Brain Structure and Function, 214( 5–6), 655–667.
1701558309
1701558310
44 注意力过滤器：为了更清楚、简约地说明问题，我在这里说明一下，神经科学文献考虑了三种不同的系统：过滤器本身，显著性检测器（也被称为定向系统或重新定位系统），以及警报或警觉模式。对神经科学家而言，它们之间的差别是很重要的，但对非专业人士而言，这一点也不重要。
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.701558261e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]