打字猴:1.702915843e+09
1702915843 [140] SOL to FBK,June 24,1927,roll 47,frame no. 576,FKP MHS.
1702915844
1702915845 [141] SOL to FBK,June 24,1927,roll 47,frame no. 576,FKP MHS.
1702915846
1702915847 [142] Correspondence between SOL and FBK,June 24,1927-August 9,1929,roll 47,frame nos. 576-99,FKP MHS.
1702915848
1702915849 [143] Correspondence between SOL and FBK,June 24,1927-August 9,1929,roll 47,frame nos. 576-99,FKP MHS.
1702915850
1702915851 [144] SOL to FBK,August 1928,roll 47,frame no. 596,FKP MHS.
1702915852
1702915853 [145] Dewey to SOL,January 27,1928,No. 02869,JDP CUL.
1702915854
1702915855 [146] Ferrell,Peace in Their Time,103. 也可参见 SOL to FBK,August 1928,roll 47,frame no. 596,FKP MHS。
1702915856
1702915857 [147] 莱文森的论文大量涉及其代理人哈里森·布朗(Harrison Brown)。其作用也可参阅费雷尔(Ferrell)的叙述:Ferrell,Peace in Their Time,103。该书作者是查尔斯·克莱顿·莫里森。参阅Charles Clayton Morrison,The Outlawry of War:A Constructive Policy for World Peace (Chicago:Willett,Clark & Colby,1927)(第二版是献给“‘非法化战争’提议的作者及其忠实信徒萨尔蒙·奥利弗·莱文森”,而且杜威所写的前言被移到书后作为后记)。
1702915858
1702915859 [148] FBK to Hon Wm. Allen White,April 24,1933,roll 47,frame no. 533,FKP MHS.
1702915860
1702915861 [149] FBK to Claudel (the “American Note”),December 28,1927,reprinted in Miller,The Peace Pact of Paris,164-65.
1702915862
1702915863 [150] 更多关于白里安的反应,请参阅Ferrell,Peace in Their Time,145。两个草案的文本可参阅Miller,The Peace Pact of Paris,161-63,170。在《非战公约》签订之前,联盟并不是完全对称的。例如,《洛迦诺公约》规定德国、法国和比利时不得相互攻击。如果有一个国家进攻另一个国家,那么其他各方将帮助受到攻击的国家。
1702915864
1702915865 [151] SOL to President Coolidge,January 24,1928,roll 47,frame no. 591,FKP MHS.也可参阅 SOL to FBK,February 1928,roll 47,frame no. 592,FKP MHS;SOL to President Coolidge,March 1,1928,roll 47,frame no. 593,FKP MHS;Telegram from SOL to FBK,June 25,1928,roll 47,frame no. 594,FKP MHS。凯洛格在系列回信中对这一赞扬予以了答谢。FBK to SOL,February 28,1928,roll 47,frame no. 593,FKP MHS;FBK to SOL,June 28,1928,roll 47,frame no. 594,FKP MHS.
1702915866
1702915867 [152] SOL to Dewey,March 2,1928,No. 02883,JDP CUL. 事实上,莱文森和肖特维尔之间的敌意持续增长。1928年3月,莱文森写信给杜威:“我只是在3月14日的《泰晤士报》上看到了肖特维尔的真实观点。”他告诉耶鲁,我们应该加入国际联盟,并且凯洛格的提议是“民族伪善”(“national hypocrisy”)[原文如此]。和这种人没什么可打交道的。他是没有希望的,他的判断力是负数。参见SOL to Dewey,March 14,1928,No. 02886,JDP CUL。不久之后,他就把肖特维尔称为“邪恶的伪君子”和“该死的讨厌鬼”。参见 SOL to Dewey,February,15,1929,No. 03025,JDP CUL。
1702915868
1702915869 [153] Diary of William R. Castle,January 1,1928,quoted in Ferrell,Peace in Their Time,147.
1702915870
1702915871 [154] “但是,如果发表这样一种声明,它带有‘侵略者’一词的定义、例外条款和资格限定等内容,那么它的影响力将被大大削弱,其作为和平保证的积极价值几乎被摧毁。”FBK to Claudel,February 27,1928,引自 Levinson Memorandum,“Aggression-International,” February 1,1929,box 66,folder 1,SLP UCL。
1702915872
1702915873 [155] Testimony of Frank Kellogg,Hearings Before the Committee on Foreign Relations United States Senate Seventieth Congress on The General Pact for the Renunciation of War Signed at Paris August 27,1928 (December 7 and 11,1928),Avalon Law Project,Yale Law School Lillian Goldman Law Library,http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th century/kbhear.asp.
1702915874
1702915875 [156] Walter Lippmann to Senator Robert F. Wagner (January 9,1929),in John Morton Blum,ed.,Public Philosopher:Selected Letters of Walter Lippmann (New York:Ticknor & Fields 1985),238.
1702915876
1702915877 [157] Telegram from SOL to Borah,April 12,1928,box 5,folder 4,SLP UCL.
1702915878
1702915879 [158] Telegram from SOL to Borah,April 12,1928,box 5,folder 4,SLP UCL. Testimony of Frank Kellogg,Hearings on The General Pact for the Renunciation of War.
1702915880
1702915881 [159] 博拉和莱文森似乎都认为这点可以接受。莱文森写信给博拉建议他就这点“简单交换个照会”。参见Levinson to Borah,April 30,1928,box 254,WBP LC。[莱文森的建议是由格雷勋爵(Lord Grey)对国际联盟议会委员会的评论引发的,他说:“美国可能一贯同意,任何违反条约的国家都不应再享有条约赋予的保护。换句话说,在有任何一国违反条约的情况下,条约缔约国应被解除条约施加的所有限制和义务。”] 正如肖特维尔向巴布科克解释的那样,“这一策略接近于美国目前能够实施的制裁”。参见JTS to Babcock,May 21,1927,box AAA,JSP CUL。这一点后来被加进该法案前言中。
1702915882
1702915883 [160] SOL to Borah,April 7,1928,box 5,folder 4,SLP UCL. 博拉与凯洛格于4月9日会面。他在第二天写给莱文森的一封信中表达了信心,“我们已经达成了实质性的共识,外国列强将要么接受我们的提议,要么拒绝我们的提议”。参见Borah to Levinson,April 10,1928,box 254,WBP LC。那年夏天,莱文森劝说博拉将非法化战争纳入共和党纲领中。参见Republican Party Platform of 1928,June 12,1928,http://www. presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid= 29637。当博拉从大会现场把他的徽章寄给莱文森夫人作为这一历史性时刻的纪念时,莱文森夫妇都很振奋。参见SOL to Mrs. Borah,June 18,1928,box 5,folder 4,SLP UCL。
1702915884
1702915885 [161] The text of the proposal,dated April 13,1928,重印于Miller,The Peace Pact of Paris,184-85。
1702915886
1702915887 [162] U.S. Ambassador to Italy,Henry P. Fletcher,to FBK,June 29,1928,roll 33,frame no. 126,FKP MHS.
1702915888
1702915889 [163] FBK to Borah,Boise,Idaho,July 16,1928,roll 33,frame nos. 298-300,FKP MHS.
1702915890
1702915891 [164] FBK to President Calvin Coolidge,July 13,1928,roll 33,frame nos. 265-66,FKP MHS.
1702915892
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