打字猴:1.7032313e+09
1703231300
1703231301 (136)Tetley,“New Development in Private International Law:Tolofson v.Jensen and Gagnon v.Lucas,”659-666;Furuta,“International Parallel Litigation:Disposition of Duplicative Civil Proceedings in the United States and Japan,”1.在日本发生的事情是很复杂的。传统上,如果一家日本法院在一件诉讼中已拥有了裁决权,那么别的日本法院会自动让步,但假如是一个外国法庭的话,情况就会有所不同。日本最高法院裁定其裁决权是司法主权的一部分,同国家主权是一体的。Judgment of 16 Oct.1981(Malaysia Airline System Berhad v.Goto),S.Ct.,35 Minshu(vol.7)1224,translated in Japanese Annual of International Law 26(1983):122.  然而近来至少有一家日本法院认为,如果一个日本诉讼者已经在海外就同一案件进入了诉讼程序,而外国法庭会给出一个最终、不可撤销的裁决,日本法院又会认可此裁决的话,那么日本法院有权撤销该日本诉讼者在日本发起的诉讼。Miyakoshi KiKo K.K v.Gould,lnc.,interim Judgment,1348 Hanrei Jiho 91,94-95(Tokyo District Ct.30 May 1989).
1703231302
1703231303 (137)St.Pierre v.South American Stores K.B.382(U.K.1936).
1703231304
1703231305 (138)Spiliada Maritime Corp.v.Cansulex Ltd A.C.460,476(U.K.1987).这个案件在下述著作中有相当有趣的讨论。Sze-Kwok Wai,“Internationalism Ascending:Commerce,Cooperation and Cosmopolitanism as Public Policy Goals in Private International Law,”(S.J.D.Thesis,Harvard Law School,30 May 1998).
1703231306
1703231307 (139)Philips Med.Syst.V.Bruteman,8 F.3d 249.
1703231308
1703231309 (140)Ibid.,428.
1703231310
1703231311 (141)Ibid.,432.
1703231312
1703231313 (142)Ibid.,430.
1703231314
1703231315 (143)Canadian Overseas Ores Ltd.v.Compania e Acero del Pacifico,SA,528 F.Supp.L337,1342-1343(S.D.N.Y.1982),affirmed on other grounds,727 F.2d 1274(2d Cir.1984).
1703231316
1703231317 (144)e.g.,McDonnell Douglas Corp.v.Islamic Republic of Iran,758 F.2d 342:8th Cir.),cert.denied,414 U.S.948(U.S.1985).
1703231318
1703231319 (145)Allstate Insurance Co.v.Administratia Asigurarilor de Stat,962 F.Supp.420,424(S.D.N.Y.1997).
1703231320
1703231321 (146)Sussman v.Bank of Israel,801 F.Supp.1068,at 1078(S.D.N.Y.1992).
1703231322
1703231323 (147)Murty v.Aga Khan,92 F.R.D.478,482(E.D.N.Y.1981).
1703231324
1703231325 (148)407 U.S.1,12.
1703231326
1703231327 (149)Born,International Civil Litigation in United States Courts,3d ed.,353.
1703231328
1703231329 (150)In re Union Carbide,634 F.Supp.842(S.D.N.Y.1986),affirmed as modified,809 F.2d 195(2d Cir.1987);Sequihua v.Texaco,847 F.Supp.61(S.D.Tx.1994);Dow Chemical v.Castro Alfaro,786 S.W.2d 674(S.Ct.Tx.1990).
1703231330
1703231331 (151)这些案件中最著名的是印度的博帕尔污染事件,许多印度居民在这次由美国联合炭化物总公司化学工厂所造成的化学污染事件中或死或伤,美国法庭对印度法庭“有效且迅速”进行审理的资格进行了衡量,认为其合格。In re Union Carbide,634 F.Supp.842,848(S.D.N.Y.1986).See also Torres v.Southern Peru Copper Corporation,965 F.Supp.899(1996),aff’d 113 F.3d 540(5th Cir.1997)(裁决认为秘鲁法庭够资格解决这场纠纷,因此基于礼让原则撤销了该诉讼)。
1703231332
1703231333 (152)例如,Mobil Tankers Co.v.Mene Grande Oil Co.,363 F.2d 611,614(3d Cir.1966);Peabody Holding Co.v.Costain Group pie,808 F.Supp.1425(E.D.Mo.1992).
1703231334
1703231335 (153)Fiorenza v.United States Steel Int’l,311 F.Supp.117,120-121(S.D.N.Y.1969).
1703231336
1703231337 (154)Lockman Found.v.Evangelical Alliance Mission,930 F.2d 764,768(9th Cir 1991).
1703231338
1703231339 (155)Macedo v.Boeing Co.,693 F.2d 683,688(7th Cir.1982).
1703231340
1703231341 (156)Wolf v.Boemg Co.,810 F.2d 943(Wash.App.Ct.1991).
1703231342
1703231343 (157)Flaschen and Silverman,“Cross-Border Insolvency Cooperation Protocols”,589.通过国际律师协会破产和债权人权利委员会,从业者发展出来了一种协定,作为处理这些案子的跨国协议,从而对诉讼程序产生影响。对他们输入信息这一过程的讨论,见Leonard,“Managing Default by a Multinational Venture:Cooperation in Cross-Border Insolvencies,”543.
1703231344
1703231345 (158)Ibid.这七次破产诉讼分别针对的是Maxwell Communications Corporation,Olympia &.York,Commodore Business Machines,Everfresh Beverages,Nakash,Solve-Ex.,and AIOC.
1703231346
1703231347 (159)Unt,“International Relations and International Insolvency Cooperation:Liberalism,Institutionalism,and Transnational Legal Dialogue,”1037;Westbrook,“Theory and Pragmatism in Global Insolvencies:Choice of Law and Choice of Forum,”461.See Maxwell Communication Corp.v.Barclays Bank(in re Maxwell Communications Corp.),170 B.R.800(Bankr.S.D.N.Y.1994).
1703231348
1703231349 (160)Flaschen and Silverman,“Cross-Border Insolvency,”590.
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