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[20]Robert Kagan, “Power and Weakness,” Policy Review 113, http://www.newamericancentury.org/kagan-20020520.htm (accessed 16 February 2011); Robert Kagan, Paradise and Power: America and Europe in the New World Order (New York: Knopf, 2003).
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[21]关于这一议题一个有趣的视角，参见Yuen Foong Khong, “The American Tributary System,” Chinese Journal of International Politics 6 (2013)
:1—47。
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[22]G.John Ikenberry, Liberal Leviathan: The Origins, Crisis, and Transformation of the American World Order (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2011).
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[23]Stephen Zunes, “The US Invasion of Grenada,” Global Policy Forum, October 2003, http://www.globalpolicy.org/component/content/article/155-history/25966.html (accessed 29 December 2011).
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[24]David R.Francis, “Iraq War Will Cost More Than World War II,” Christian Science Monitor, 25 October 2011, http://www.csmonitor.com/Business/new-economy/2011/1025/Iraq-war-will-cost-more-than-World-War-II (accessed 29 December 2011).
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[25]Watson Institute, Brown University, “Costs of War,” http://costsofwar.org/article/economic-cost-summary (accessed 5 April 2013).
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[26]Michael E.O’Hanlon and Ian Livingston, “Iraq Index: Tracking Variables of Recon-struction and Security in Post-Saddam Iraq,” 28 October 2011, http://www.brookings.edu/iraqindex (accessed 24 December 2011).
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[27]National Commission on Terrorist Attacks, The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States (New York: Norton, 2004)
:61, 161, 334—335; Iran Study Group, United States Institute of Peace, The Iraq Study Group Report, http://www.usip.org/programs/initiatives/iraq-study-group (accessed 11 February 2013).美国入侵伊拉克之前与之后均未发现大规模杀伤性武器，参见Joseph Cirincione, Jessica T.Matthews, and George Perkovich, WMD in Iraq: Evidence and Implications (Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2004)。
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[28]Noam Chomsky and David Barsamian, Imperial Ambitions: Conversations in the Post-9/11 World (New York: Metropolitan, 2005); Noam Chomsky, “Imperial Ambitions,” interview by David Barsamian, Monthly Review, May 2003, http://www.monthlyreview.org/0503chomsky.htm; (accessed 27 May 2013); Alex Callinicos, New Mandarins of American Power: The Bush Administration’s Plans for the World (London: Polity, 2003).
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[29]Edward Ingram, “Pairing off Empires: The United States as Great Britain in the Middle East,” in Tore T.Petersen, ed., Controlling the Uncontrollable? The Great Powers in the Middle East (Trondheim, Norway: Tapir, 2006)
:1—32.
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[30]Christian Reus-Smit, “Unipolarity and Legitimacy: On the Relative Cost of the Iraq and Persian Gulf Wars,” unpublished manuscript; Martin Wolk, “Cost of War Could Surpass One Trillion,” 17 March 2006, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11880954; Watson Institute, “Costs of War.”
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[31]Bob Davis, “Bush Economic Aide Says Cost Of Iraq War May Top $100 Billion,” Wall Street Journal, 16 September 2002; Elisabeth Bumiller, “White House Cuts Estimated Cost of War with Iraq, New York Times, 31 December 2002, http://www.nytimes.com/2002/12/31/us/threats-responses-cost-white-house-cuts-estimate-cost-war-with-iraq.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm (accessed 2 September 2012).
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[32]Seymour M.Hersh, Chain of Command: The Road from 9/11 to Abu Ghraib (New York: Harper, 2004), 163—171; James Mann, Rise of the Vulcans: The History of Bush’s War Cabinet (New York: Penguin, 2004), 294—310; Stefan Halper and Jonathan Clarke, America Alone: The Neo-Conservatives and the Global Order (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004), 28—35; Michael Isikoff and David Corn, Hubris: The Inside Story of Spin, Scandal, and the Selling of the Iraq War (New York: Crown, 2006), 16.
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[33]David E.Sanger, “Viewing the War as a Lesson to the World,” New York Times, 6 April 2003, http://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/06/world/a-nation-at-war-policy-viewing-the-war-as-a-lesson-to-the-world.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm (accessed 2 September 2012).
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[34]David Frum and Richard Perle, An End to Evil: How to Win the War on Terror (New York: Random House, 2003)
:33, 212—213, 247—266.
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[35]Colin Powell, “Press Briefing Aboard Aircraft en Route to Cairo Egypt,” 23 February 2001, http://2001—2009.state.gov/secretary/former/powell/remarks/2001/931.htm (accessed 4 June 2013).
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[36]David Remnick, “Behind the Curtain,” New Yorker, 5 September 2011, http://www.newyorker.com/talk/comment/2011/09/05/110905taco_talk_remnick (accessed 24 December 2011); Zach Carter, “Lindsey Graham Criticizes Obama on Libya Days after Gad-dafi’s Death,” Huffington Post, 23 October 2011, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/23/lindsay-graham-criticizes_n_1027098.html (accessed 22 December 2011).
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[37]Zach Carter, “Richard Lugar Questions US Costs Of Libya Conflict,” Huffington Post, 27 March 2011, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/03/27/libya-lugar-questions-us-costs_n_841136.html (accessed 23 December 2011).
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[38]Tim Dunne and Jess Gifkins, “Libya and the UN Security Council,” 19 April 2011, http://uq.academia.edu/TimDunne/Blog/14229/Libya-and-the-UN-Security-Council (accessed 22 December 2011); Tim Dunne and Jess Gifkins, “Libya and the State of Intervention,” Australian Journal of International Affairs 65, no.5 (2011)
:515—529.现实主义者的反应，参见Peter Feaver, “Giving Obama Credit—When He’s Followed Bush’s Footsteps,” Foreign Policy, 31 October 2011, http://shadow.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/10/31/giving_obama_credit_when_hes_followed_bushs_footprints (accessed 24 December 2011)。
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[39]Fareed Zakaria, “How the Lessons of Iraq Paid Off in Libya,” Time, 5 September 2011, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2090374,00.html (accessed 6 March 2013).
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[40]Mark Lander, “Iraq, a War Obama Didn’t Want, Shaped His Foreign Policy,” New York Times, 17 December 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/18/us/politics/iraq-war-shaped-obamas-foreign-policy-white-house-memo.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 (accessed 10 February 2013).
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[41]Ian Williams, “Resolution 1973: Responsibility to Protect, Not Humanitarian Intervention in Libya,” Washington Report on Middle East Affairs 30, no.4. (2011), 42.
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[42]C.J.Chivers, “Pinned Down in Battered City, Libyan Rebels Endure With Grit and Dirt,” New York Times, 17 April 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/17/world/africa/17misurata.html?pagewanted=all (accessed 8 January 2012).
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[43]Edward Wyatt, “Security Council Calls for War Crimes Inquiry in Libya,” New York Times, 26 February 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/27/world/africa/27nations.html?hp (accessed 10 January 2012).
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[44]Ethan Bronner and David E.Sanger, “Arab League Endorses No-Flight Zone over Libya,” New York Times, 12 March 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/13/world/middleeast/13libya.html?scp=1&sq=Arab%20League%20Endorses%20No-Flight%20Zone%20Over%20Libya&st=cse (accessed 8 January 2012).
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