打字猴:1.703369543e+09
1703369543
1703369544 [11] Rushton Coulborn,“The End of Feudalism,”in Coulborn,ed.,Feudalism in History (Hamden,Conn.,Archon Books,1965),p. 303.
1703369545
1703369546 [12] Frey,“Political Development,Power and Communications,”pp. 310—311.
1703369547
1703369548 [13] Apter,Modernization ,p. 104.
1703369549
1703369550 [14] Bernard Lewis,The Emergence of Modern Turkey (London,Oxford University Press,1961),p. 88;Donald N. Levine,“Ethiopia:Identity,Authority,and Realism,”in Pye and Verba,eds.,Political Culture and Political Development ,p. 272;Levine,Wax and Gold (Chicago,University of Chicago Press,1965),pp. 212—213;Margery Perham,The Government of Ethiopia (London,Faber and Faber,1947),p. 76.Eisenstadt,“Political Struggle,”pp. 15—33.
1703369551
1703369552 [15] 见R.R. Palmer,The Age of Democratic Revolution,Ⅰ ,pp. 373—384。
1703369553
1703369554 [16] 见R.R. Palmer,The Age of Democratic Revolution,Ⅰ ,347. 楷体为原文所有。
1703369555
1703369556 [17] W.E. Mosse,Alexander Ⅱ and the Modernization of Russia (London,English Universities Press,1958),pp. 69—70,131—132.
1703369557
1703369558 [18] C.C. Wrigley,“The Christian Revolution in Buganda,”Comparative Studies in Society and History,2 (Oct.1959),48.
1703369559
1703369560 [19] 见Lewis,Emergence of Modern Turkey,pp. 137—156。
1703369561
1703369562 [20] Palmer,Democratic Revolution,Ⅰ ,381.
1703369563
1703369564 [21] Lloyd Fallers,“Despotism,Status Culture and Social Mobility in an African Community,”Comparative Studies in Society and History,2 (1959),30.
1703369565
1703369566 [22] Mosca,p. 81.
1703369567
1703369568 [23] 见本书第二章。
1703369569
1703369570 [24] Edwin O. Reischauer,The United States and Japan (rev. ed. Cambridge,Mass.,Harvard University Press,1957),p. 157.
1703369571
1703369572 [25] William W. Lockwood,“Japan’s Response to the West:The Contrast with China,”World Politics,9 (1956),38—41.
1703369573
1703369574 [26] Edwin O. Reischauer and John K. Fairbank,East Asia:The Great Tradition (Boston,Houghton Mifflin,1960),pp. 672—673. 罗伯特·T.霍尔特(Robert T. Holt)和约翰·E.特纳(John E. Turner)用类似的分析方法试图解释为什么英国和日本经济发展较快,而法国和中国经济发展较慢。见Robert T. Holt and John E. Turner,The Political Basis of Economic Development (Princeton,N.J.,Van Nostrand,1966),passim,but esp. pp. 233—291。
1703369575
1703369576 [27] 卢安达(Ruanda)即今卢旺达,乌隆迪(Urundi)即今布隆迪。两国于1962年独立后,分别改用现名。——译者注
1703369577
1703369578 [28] Albert,pp. 54—60. 另可见René Lemarcbhand,“Political Instability in Africa:The Case of Rwanda and Burundi”(unpublished paper),p. 34。关于卢旺达传统制度的一般性论述见Jacques,Maquet,The Premise of Inequality in Ruanda (London,Oxford University Press,1961)。
1703369579
1703369580 [29] Albert,pp. 66—67,71—73.
1703369581
1703369582 [30] New York Times,January 22,1964,p. 2,Feb. 9,1964,p. 1;Newsweek,63(Feb.24,1964),51.
1703369583
1703369584 [31] Lemarchand,“Political Instability,”p. 18.
1703369585
1703369586 [32] René Lemarchand,“Social Change and Political Modernization in Burundi”(paper prepared for Annual Meeting,African Studies Association,October 24—26,1966),pp. 43—44.
1703369587
1703369588 [33] 这里,有趣的是特德·格尔(Ted Gurr)关于119个政体在1961—1963年期间发生内乱的预测。他主要是用衡量国家的统一、社会动员、经济发展、政府对经济的渗透和内部军事保安部队等29个因素来进行推算。对于99个政体来说,他的预测很不错。但对我们这里讨论的2个中非国家则不准。在这119个政体中,暴力事件超出预测的是卢旺达;在布隆迪则相反,暴力事件则大大低于预测。这种偏差可以通过两个地区不同的社会—政治权威结构来解释。见Ted Gurr with Charles Ruttenberg,The Conditions of Civi,Violence:First Tests of a Causal Model (Princeton,Princeton University,Center of International Studies,Research Monograph No. 28,1967),pp. 100—106。
1703369589
1703369590 [34] Fred G. Burke,Local Government and Politics in Uganda (Syracuse,N.Y.,Syracuse University Press,1964),p. 124.
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1703369592 [35] Apter,Modernization ,p. 114 n.
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