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1703773265
8Leon Fink, Workingmen’s Democracy: The Knights of Labor and American Politics (Urbana, IL: 1983).
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9Elliot Cowdin, “Capital and Labor. An address delivered before the American institute of the city of New York, in celebration of its semi-centennial anniversary, on Thursday evening, October 11, 1877,” quoted in Beckert, MoniedMetropolis, 282.
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10Fink, Workingmen’s Democracy.
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11For a helpful overview of recent studies of organized labor, see Nelson Lichtenstein, State of the Union: A Century of American Labor (Princeton, NJ: 2002).
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12Brody, Steelworkers in America.
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1703773275
13Mark Summers, Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion: The Making of a President,1884 (Chapel Hill, NC: 2000). On the politics of the 1880s and 1890s, see also Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform: From Bryan to FDR (New York, 1955).
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1703773277
14David Papke, The Pullman Case: The Clash of Labor and Capital in Industrial America (Lawrence, KS: 1999).
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15Nick Salvatore, Eugene V. Debs: Citizen and Socialist (Urbana, IL: 1984).
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1703773281
16“President Pullman’s Statement at the Stockholders’ Annual Meeting, October 18, 1894,” in The Strike at Pullman (Pullman, IL: 1894).
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17Olivier Zunz, Philanthropy in America: A History (Princeton, NJ: 2012).
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1703773285
18On welfare capitalism, see Sanford Jacoby, ed., Masters to Managers: Historicaland Comparative Perspectives on American Employers (New York: 1991), andLizabeth Cohen, Making a New Deal: Industrial Workers in Chicago, 1919–1939(Cambridge, UK: 1990).
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1703773287
19Michael Kazin, A Godly Hero: The Life of William Jennings Bryan (New York
:2007); Charles Postel, The Populist Vision (Oxford, UK: 2007); Lawrence Goodwyn, The Populist Moment: A Short History of the Agrarian Revolt in America (New York, 1978).
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1703773289
20Wyatt Wells, “Rhetoric of the Standards: The Debate over Gold and Silver in the 1890s,” Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 14(1), January 2015,49–68.
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1703773291
21Robert Mutch, Buying the Vote: A History of Campaign Finance Reform (Oxford, UK: 2014).
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1703773293
22On the political consequences of the free silver movement, see Elizabeth Sanders, Roots of Reform: Farmers, Workers, and the American State, 1877–1917(Chicago, 1999).
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1703773295
23Thomas McCraw, Prophets of Regulation: Charles Francis Adams, Louis D.Brandeis, James M. Landis, Alfred E. Kahn (Cambridge, MA: 1984).
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1703773297
24Samuel Huntington, “The Marasmus of the ICC: The Commission, the Railroads, and the Public Interest,” Yale Law Journal 4(61), April 1952: 467–509.
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1703773299
2526 Stat. 209, 15 U.S.C. §§ 1–7 (1890).
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26Tony Freyer, Regulating Big Business: Antitrust in Great Britain and America 1880–1990 (Cambridge, UK: 1992).
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1703773303
27Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States, 221 U.S. 1 (1911).
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28Louis Galambos, “The Monopoly Enigma, the Reagan Administration’s Antitrust Experiment, and the Global Economy,” in Kenneth Lipartito and David Sicilia, eds., Constructing Corporate America: History, Politics, Culture (Oxford,UK: 2004).
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29United States v. United States Steel Corp., 251 U.S. 417 (1920).
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30Brett Christophers, The Great Leveler: Capitalism and Competition in the Court of Law (Cambridge, MA: 2016).
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31Michael McGerr, A Fierce Discontent: The Rise and Fall of the Progressive Movement in America (Oxford, UK: 2003).
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32Robert Wiebe, Businessmen and Reform: A Study of the Progressive Movement(Chicago, 1962); Gabriel Kolko, The Triumph of Conservatism: A Reinterpretation of American History, 1900–1916 (New York, 1963).
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