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11. Sandstrom, G.M., & Dunn, E.W. (2014). Social Interactions and Well-Being
:The Surprising Power of Weak Ties.Personality and Social Psychological Bulletin,40(7), 910–922.
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12. Laird, J.D. (1974). Self- attribution of emotion: The effects of expressive behavio on the quality of emotional experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 29(4), 475–486.
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13. Strack, F., Martin, L.L., & Stepper, S. (1988). Inhibiting and facilitating conditions of the human smile: A nonobtrusive test of the facial feedback hypothesis.Journal ofPersonality and Social Psychology, 54(5), 768–777.
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14. Kraft, T.L., & Pressman, S.D. (2012). Grin and bear it: The influence of manlated facial expression on the stress response. Psychological Science, 23(11), 1372–1378.
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15. Kahneman, D. (1999). Objective Happiness. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N.Schwartz (Eds.), Well-Being: Foundations of Hedonic Psychology. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Daniel Kahneman’s TED talk also covers the topic: Kahneman, D. (2010). The riddle of experience vs. memory
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16. Fredrickson, B.L. (2000). Extracting meaning from past affective experiences The importance of peaks, ends, and specific emotionsCognition and Emotion 14(4), 577–606.
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17. Kahneman, D., Fredrickson, B.L., Schreiber, C.A., & Redelmeier, D.A. (1993).When more pain is preferred to less: Adding a better end. Psychological Science,4(6), 401–405.
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18. Colonoscopies: Redelmeier, D.A., & Kahneman, D. (1996). Patients’ memories of painful medical treatments: Real-time and retrospective evaluations of two minimally invasive procedures. Pain, 66(1), 3–8. Loud noises: Schreiber, C.A., &Kahneman, D. (2000). Determinants of the remembered utility of aversive sounds.Journal ofExperimental Psychology: General, 129(1), 27–42. Overview of peak- end findings: Fredrickson, B.L. (2000). Extracting meaning from past affective expeences: The importance of peaks, ends, and specific emotionsCognition and Emotion, 14(4), 577–606.
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19. Do, A.M., Rupert, A.V., & Wolford, G. (2008). Evaluations of pleasurable experiences: The peak end rule. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 15(1), 96–98.
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第二十一章 有意识地发挥自己的优势
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1. Summarized in: Dweck, C.S. (2006). Mindset: The New Psychology of Success New York: Random House.
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2. In researching Strengths-Based Leadership, the report from which these figures are drawn, Gallup researchers studied more than one million work teams, conducted more than 20,000 in- depth interviews with leaders, and interviewed more than 10,000 followers. These specific numbers come from a study of 65,672 -ployees, 530 “work units” (i.e., teams), and 469 business units ranging from retail stores to factories.
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3. Corporate Leadership Council (2002). Building the High-Performance Workforce: A Quantitative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Performance Managemen Strategies. Washington, DC.
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4. The original study showing these results was: Seligman, M.E.P., Steen, T.A.Park, N., & Peterson, C. (2005). Positive psychology progress: Empirical validation of interventions. American Psychologist, 60, 410–421. Alex Linley’s work has been particularly useful in showing the stickiness of long-term effects, e.g.in: Govindji, R., & Linley, A.P. (2007). Strengths use, self- concordance and wellbeing: Implications for strengths coaching and coaching psychologists. International Coaching Psychology Review, 2(2), 143–153; and Wood, A.M., Linley, P.A.,Maltby, J., Kashdan, T.B., & Hurling, R. (2011). Using personal and psychological strengths leads to increases in well-being over time: A longitudinal study and the development of the strengths use questionnaire. Personality and Individual Diffeences, 50(1), 15–19.
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5. The original strengths survey that formed part of Seligman and Peterson’s rsearch can be found at http://www.viacharacter.org. Gallup also maintains a suite of strength-based tools that you can access for a fee at https://www.gallupstrengths center.com. The Centre for Applied Positive Psychology offers a survey that distguishes between learned vs. innate strengths, and realized vs. unrealized strengths,at https://assessment.r2profiler.com
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6. Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J.E. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employee as active crafters of their work.Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 179–201.You can take the “job crafting” survey they designed by going to http://jobcrafti.org.
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7. Grant, A.M. (2013). Give and take: Why helping others drives our success. New York: Penguin.
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后记 保持效果
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1. Merzenich, M. (2013). Soft wired: How the new science of brain plasticity can change your life. San Francisco: Parnassus.
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2. There’s even research to suggest he’s right about the power of the pebble. In study that tested the effectiveness of various interventions in prompting people t save more, Dan Ariely and colleagues found that a “tangible track-keeping device”(in this case, a large shiny coin kept close to hand) did better than anything else.Akbas, M., Ariely, D., Robalino, D.A., Weber, M. (2015) How to Help the Poor to Save a Bit: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Kenya. Duke University Working Paper, January.
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附录B 如何利用好电子邮件
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1. Radicati Group (2015). Email Statistics Report, 2015–2019. Palo Alto, CA.
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2. Chui, M., Manyika, J., & Bughin, J. (2012). The Social Economy: Unlockin Value and Productivity Through Social Technologies McKinsey Global Institute.
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3. Allen, D. (2001). Getting Things Done: The Art of StresFree Productivity. New York: Viking Penguin.
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