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16 R. H. Coase,“The Federal Communications Commission”,The Journal of Law and Economics(October 1959):1—40.
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17 参见Edmund W. Kitch,ed.,“The Fire of Truth:A Remembrance of Law and Economics at Chicago,1932—1970,”The Journal of Law and Economics 26,no.1(April 1983):220—222。
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18 参见《社会成本问题》,101。
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19 参见《社会成本问题》,104。
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20 George J. Stigler,The Theory of Price,3rded(NewYork:Macmillan Co.,1966),113.
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21 George J. Stigler,“The Law and Economics of Public Policy:A Plea to the Scholars”,Journal of Legal Studies 1(1972):12.
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22 Steven N. S. Cheung,Will China Go“Capitalist”,2nded,Hobart Paper 94(London: Institute of Economic Affairs,1986),37.
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23 H. Hotelling, The General Welfare in Relation to Problem’s of Taxation and of Railway and Utility Rates”,Econometrical 6(July 1938):242—269.
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24 A. Lemer,The Economics of Control(NewYork;Macmillan Co.,1944).
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25 J .E. Meade and J. M. Fleming,“Price and Output Policy of State Enterprise”,Economic Jounal 54(December 1944):321—339.
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26 参见R. H. Coase ,“The Theory of Public Utility Pricing and its Application,The Bell Journal of Economics and Management Science 1,no.l(Spring 1970):113—123,对这些和其他经济学家对边际成本定价的讨论做了一个解释。
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27 Paul A. Samuelson,Economics :An Introductory Analysis,6th ed. (NewYork:McGraw-Hill,1964),462.
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28 Tom Wilson,“Price and Output Policy of State Enterprise:A Comment”,Economic Journal 55(1945):254—261.
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29 A. C. Pigou,The Economics of Welfare,5th ed.(London:Macmillan&Co.,1952),329—335.
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30 同上,331。
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31 同上,332。
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32 同上,333。
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33 同上,333。
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34 同上,334。
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35 同上,335。
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36 Austin Robinson,“Arthur Cecil Pigou”,International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences,vol. 12(Macmillan Co. and Free Press,1968),92,94.我有庇古对Edward W. Benis的Municipal Monopolies(4th ed,Thomas Y. Crowell&Co.,1904)的复印本,在《福利经济学》的第20章(政府当局的干预)、第21章(垄断的政府管制)和第22章(产业的国有化)中有六处引用了该书。我将把这书存放于芝加哥大学Regenstoin图书馆的特别收藏馆中。对庇古的标记和评论的研究会显示出庇古的研究风格。
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37 Paul A. Samuelson,Foundations of Economic Analysis(Cambridge,Mass:Harvard University Press 1947),208.
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38 我印象中,“外部性”这个术语最早出现在萨缪尔森发表在Economic Jounal(September 1958,539一541)上的对de Graaf的Theoretical Welfare Economics的评论中,还有他发表在The Review of Economics and Statistics(Novermber1958:332—338)的文章“Aspects of Public Exenditure Theories”中,这篇文章是对他1955年12月所发表的一篇研究论文的些微修正。
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39 Frank Hahn,“Reflections on the Invisible Hand”,Lloyds Bank Review(April1982):7—8.这篇文章在哈恩的《均衡与宏观经济学》(Hahn,Equilibrium and Macroeconomics ,Cambridge,Mass,:MIT Press,1984,111—133)中被重印。
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40 参见D. North and J. Wallis,“Measuring the Size of Transaction Sector in the American Economy,1870—1970”,in Long Term Factors in American Economic Growth,edited by S. engennan and R. Gallman,Studies on Income and Wealth,vol .51(National Bureau of Economic Research,1987),95一148。
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