打字猴:1.70457384e+09
1704573840 16 有关理由在我早期的论文中已作了阐述,参见《企业的性质》。
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1704573842 17 See William L.Prosser,Handbook of the Law of Tortst 2nd ed.(St.Paul,Minn.:West Publishing Co.,1995),398~399,412.所引用的有关制造蜡烛的古老案例取之于Sir Jame sFitzjames Stephen,A General View of the Criminal Laiv of England,2nd ed,(London:Macmillan&Ca,1890),106。斯蒂芬爵士没提到这一点,也许他已熟记Rex.v.Ronkett,included in Warren A.Seavey,Keeton,and Thurston,Cases and Materials on the Law of Torts(StPaul,Minn.:West Publishing Co.,1950),604。类似普罗瑟的观点,可参见Fowler V. Harperand FlemingJames,Jr.,The Law of Torls,2nd ed.(Boston:Little,Brown,1956),67—74;Restatement,Torts§§826,827,and 828。
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1704573844 18 见Sir Percy H.Winfield,Winfieldon Torts,6th ed.byT.E.Lewis(London: Sweet&.Maxwell,1954);JohnW.Salmond,Salmond on the Law of Torts,12th ed by R.F.V. Heuston(London:Sweet&Maxwell,1957),181—190;Harry Street,The Law of Torts,2nd ed(London:Butterworth,1959),221—229。
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1704573846 19 Attorney General v. Doughty,2 Ves. Se.453,28Eng. Rep.290(Ch,1752).比较Prosser,Law of Torts,413,n.54所引的美国法官马斯曼诺的话没有烟尘,匹兹堡仍将是一个相当小的村子。”参见Versailles Borough v. McKessport Coa lCoke Co.,83 Pitts.Leg.J.379,385,1935。
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1704573848 20 Webb v. Bird,10C.B.(N.S.)268,142Eng.Rep.445(1861);13 C.B。(N.S.)841,143 Eng.Rep.332(1863).
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1704573850 21 见Gale on Easements,238,n.6。
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1704573852 22 11 ChD.865(1879)
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1704573854 23 Salmond,Law of Torts,182
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1704573856 24 C.M.Haar,Landr-Use Planning,A Case book on the Use,Misuse,and Re-use of Urban Land(Boston:Little,Browht 1959),95.
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1704573858 25 例如参见Rushmer v.Polsue and Alfieri,Ltd.(1906)1 Ch.234,它涉及房子在噪声区的安静环境的案例。
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1704573860 26 Adams v. Urseil(1913)l Ch.269.
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1704573862 27 Andreae v.Selfridgeand Company Ltd(193^8)1 Ch,1.
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1704573864 28 John Anthony Hardinge Giffard,3rd Earl of Halsbury,ed,“Public Authorities and Public Officers,”Halsbury’s Laws of England,vol.30,3rd ed(London:Butterworth,1960),690—691.
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1704573866 29 See Prosser,Law of Torts,421;Harper and Jamest Law of Torts,86—87.
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1704573868 30 Delta Air Corporation v. Kersey,Kersey v. City of Altanta,Supreme Court of Georgia,193Ga.862,20S.E. 2d 245(1942).
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1704573870 31 Thrasher v. City of Atlanta,178 Ga. 514,173 S.E. 817(1934).
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1704573872 32 Georgia Railroad and Banking Go. v. Maddox,116 Ga. 64,42 S.E.315(1902).
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1704573874 33 Smith v. New England Aircraft Co.270 Mass.511,170 N.E.385,390(1930).
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1704573876 34 See Sir Alfred Denning,Freedom Under the Law(London:Stevens,1949),71.
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1704573878 35 Mary B .Cairns,The Law of Tortin Local Govermnent(London:Shaw,1945),28—32.
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1704573880 36 A.C.Pigou,The Economics of Welfare 183(4th ed.1932).我的引用都来自第4版,但本文中所引用的观点和例子从1920年的第1版到1932年的第4版都没有变动。分析的大部分内容(不是全部)在以前的《财富与福利》(Wealth and Welfare,London:Macmillan Co.,1912)一书中已经出现。
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1704573882 37 同上书。
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1704573884 38 同上书,127—130。
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1704573886 39 在《财富与福利》一书中,庇古将“乐观主义”归之于亚当•斯密本人而不是其追随者。他在那里提到,“在需求和供给既定的情形下,亚当•斯密高度的乐观主义的理论是,国民资金会趋向于‘自然’达到最大值”(第104页)。
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1704573888 40 Pigou,Economics of Welfare,129—130.
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