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4 G. R. Woirol, 2006, “New Data, New Issues: The Origins of the Technological Unemployment Debates,” History of Political Economy 38 (3): 480.
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1704603892
5 J. J. Davis, 1927, “The Problem of the Worker Displaced by Machinery,” Monthly Labor Review 25 (3): 32.
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6 出处同上。
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7 引自Woirol, 2006, “New Data, New Issues,” 481。
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8 I. Lubin, 1929, The Absorption of the Unemployed by American Industry (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution), 6.
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9 R. J. Myers, 1929, “Occupational Readjustment of Displaced Skilled Workmen,” Journal of Political Economy 37 (4): 473-89.
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1704603902
10 尤安·克莱格（Ewan Clague）和W. J. 库珀（W. J. Couper）的另一项研究是关于康涅狄格州纽黑文和哈特福德两座橡胶厂的关停情况的（它们分别于1929和1930年关闭），这项研究进一步表明在新经济中，大部分工人的经济状况更差了。（1931, “The Readjustment of Workers Displaced by Plant Shutdowns,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 45 [2]: 309-46）
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11 关于音乐领域的机械化情况，参见H. Jerome, 1934, “Mechanization in Industry” (Working Paper 27, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA), chapter 4。
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12 参见Woirol, 2006, “New Data, New Issues”。
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13 L. Wolman, 1933, “Machinery and Unemployment,” Nation, February 22, 202-4.
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1704603910
14 引自“Technological Unemployment,” 1930, New York Times, August 12。
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1704603912
15 “Durable Goods Industries,” 1934, New York Times, July 16.
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16 M. Alexopoulos and J. Cohen, 2016, “The Medium Is the Measure: Technical Change and Employment, 1909-1949,” Review of Economics and Statistics 98 (4): 793.
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1704603916
17 F. D. Roosevelt, 1940, “Annual Message to the Congress,” January 3, by G. Peters and J. T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/annual-message-the-congress.
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18 R. M. Solow, 1965, “Technology and Unemployment,” Public Interest 1 (Fall): 17.
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19 在《纽约时报》的档案中以“自动化”这一新概念作为关键词进行搜索，发现在20世纪40年代没有搜索出任何结果，但在20世纪50年代，有1252篇新闻报道中出现了“自动化”这个词。
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20 参见U.S. Congress, 1955, “Automation and Technological Change,” Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Economic Stabilization of the Congressional Joint Committee on the Economic Report (84th Cong., 1st sess.), pursuant to sec. 5(a) of Public Law 304, 79th Cong. (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office) 。
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21 引自E. Weinberg, 1956, “An Inquiry into the Effects of Automation,” Monthly Labor Review 79 (1): 7。
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22 出处同上。
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23 D. Morse, 1957, “Promise and Peril of Automation,” New York Times, June 9.
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24 出处同上。
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25 “Elevator Operator Killed,” 1940, New York Times, February 10.
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26 “Elevator Units Fight Automatic Lift Ban,” 1952, New York Times, October 7.
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27 “New Devices Gain on Elevator Men: Operators May Be Riding to Oblivion,” 1956, New York Times, May 27.
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28 G. Talese, 1963, “Elevator Men Dwindle in City,” New York Times, November 30.
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