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［18］原始数据来自Penn World Tables。
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［19］关于关联体系和市场体系的相对优势比较，参见R. Rajan and L. Zingales, “Which Capitalism? Lessons from the East Asian Crisis,” Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 11, no. 3 (fall 1998): 40-48.
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1704623885
［20］Vito Tanzi and Ludger Schknecht, Public Spending in the 20th Century: A Global Perspective (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
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［21］很早以前就出现了关于通货膨胀是一种政治现象的观点，但表达比较模糊，早期的研究参见E. M. Bernstein and I. G. Patel, “Inflation and Economic Development,” IMF Staff Papers, 1953；Lester Thurow, The Zero-Sum Society: Distribution and the Possibilities for Economic Change (New York: Basic Books, 1980)。
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1704623889
［22］Helleiner, States and the Reemergence of Global Finance: From Breton Woods to the 1990’s, 85.
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1704623891
［23］Barry J. Eichengreen, Globalizing Capital: A History of the International Monetary System (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1996), 129.
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［24］U.S. government (1973), 128，cited in Helleiner, States and the Reemergence of Global Finance, 106.
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［25］Helleiner, States and the Reemergence of Global Finance, 114.
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1704623897
［26］Graciela Kaminsky and Sergio Schmukler, “Short-Run Pain, Long-Run Gain: The Effects of Financial Liberalization,” working paper, World Bank, 2002.
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1704623899
［27］Daniel Yergin and Joseph Stanislaw, The Commanding Heights: The Battle between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World (New York: Touchstone, 1999).
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［28］以前的批评主要来自Karl Polanyi, The Great Transformation (Boston: Beacon Hill, 1994)。更新的批评者包括Dani Rodrik, Has Globalization Gone Too Far? (Washington D.C.: Institute for International Economics, 1997)。
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［29］有关的经典论述，参见Karl Polanyi, The Great Transformation。
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1704623905
第12章
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1704623907
［1］Francis Fukuyama, The End of History and the last Man (New York: Free Press, 1992).
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［2］《国富论》，上册，第10章。
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［3］Ralph Waldo Emerson (May 1837),quoted in Charles Warren, Bankruptcy in United States History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1935), 56.
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［4］Ian Domowitz and Elie Tamer, “Two Hundred Years of Bankruptcy: A Tale of Legislation and Economic Fluctuations,” Institute for Policy Research at Northwestern University, working paper, 1997.
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［5］Erik Berglof and Howard Rosenthal, “The Political Economy of American Bankruptcy: The Evidence for Roll-Call Voting, 1800-1978” (paper presented at UCLA, Political Economy of Contractual Obligations, 1999).
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［6］Noel F. Regis, A History of the Bankruptcy Law (Washington, D.C.: C. H. Potter & Co., 1919), 143-144.
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［7］C. Warren, Bankruptcy in United States History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1935), 37.
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［8］同上，第8页。
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［9］原始数据来自R. Freeman and R. Oostendorop, “Occupational Wages around the World Database,” NBER (www.nber.org/oww)。
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［10］Stefanie Lenway, Randall Morck, and Bernard Yeung, “Rent Seeking, Protectionism, and Innovation in the American Steel Industry,” Economic Journal 106 (1996): 410-421.
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［11］M. Huson, R. Parrino, and L. Starks, “Internal Monitoring Mechanisms and CEO Turnover: A Long-Term Perspective,” Journal of Finance 56 (2001): 2265-2298.
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［12］Robert Parrino, “CEO Turnover and Outside Succession: A Cross-sectional Analysis,” Journal of Financial Economics 46 (1997): 165-197, and Michael s. Weisbach, “Outside Directors and CEO Turnover,” Journal of Financial Economics 20 (1988): 431-461.
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