打字猴:1.70462882e+09
1704628820 [56]John Kay and Mervyn King,The British Tax System (Oxford: Oxford University Press,1980),quote p. 59.
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1704628822 [57]对于男性是这样的,但对于女性却不一定。如果我们观察一下收入的前1%,就会看到女性的比例严重偏低。譬如在加拿大,2010年1%最高收入人群中只有21%是女性(Statistics Canada,“High-Income Trends among Canadian Taxfilers,1982 to 2010,” release 28 January 2013)。在英国,2011年该比例为17%(Anthony B. Atkinson,Alessandra Casarico,and Sarah Voitchovsky,“Top Incomes and the Glass Ceiling,” forthcoming)。男性和女性之间存在明显的“玻璃天花板”。
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1704628824 第4章 技术变革与抗衡力量
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1704628826 [1]“The Future of Jobs: The Onrushing Wave,” Briefing,Economist, 18 January 2014.
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1704628828 [2]John M. Keynes,“Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren,” originally published in The Nation and Athenaeum (11 and 18 October,1930),reprinted in Essays in Persuasion (London: Macmillan,1933),part V,ch. 2.
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1704628830 [3]McKinsey roundtable discussion,“Automation,Jobs,and the Future of Work,” December 2014,edited transcript.
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1704628832 [4]Remarks by Hunter Rawlings,quoted in American Academy of Arts and Sciences,Restoring the Foundation (Cambridge,MA: American Academy of Arts and Sciences,2014),quote p. 10.
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1704628834 [5]Mariana Mazzucato,The Entrepreneurial State (London: Anthem Press,2014),quote pp. 96 and 101.
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1704628836 [6]Mazzucato,The Entrepreneurial State,quote p. 193.
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1704628838 [7]Steven Johnson,How We Got to Now (New York: Riverhead Press,2014),quote p. x.
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1704628840 [8]Office of Science and Technology Policy,American Competitiveness: Leading the World in Innovation (Washington,D.C.: Domestic Policy Council,2006),quote p. 4.
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1704628842 [9]William J. Baumol and William G. Bowen,Performing Arts: The Economic Dilemma (New York: Twentieth Century Fund,1966).
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1704628844 [10]William J. Baumol,The Cost Disease: Why Computers Get Cheaper and Health Care Doesn’ t (New Haven: Yale University Press,2012).
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1704628846 [11]在本书中,我并没有详细探讨对人力资本投资的需求,因为这个问题尤其在考虑幼儿教育时会非常复杂。参见,如James J. Heckman 2014年12月10日在白宫幼儿教育峰会上的演讲“Going Forward Wisely”,芝加哥大学Center for the Economics of Human Development。
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1704628848 [12]Quaker Faith and Practice: The Book of Christian Discipline of the Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (London: Quaker Books,1995),quoted paragraph 23.57.
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1704628850 [13]Milton Friedman,“The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits,” New York Times Magazine, 13 September 1970.
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1704628852 [14]Kenneth J. Arrow,“Social Responsibility and Economic Efficiency,” Public Policy 21 (1973): 303-318,quote pp. 313 and 314.
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1704628854 [15]Website of MBA Oath: http://mbaoath.org/.
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1704628856 [16]Jonathan B. Baker,“The Case for Anti-Trust Enforcement,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 17 (2003): 27-50,quote p. 27.
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1704628858 [17]Robert Bork,The Anti-Trust Paradox (New York: Free Press,1978),quote p. 66.
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1704628860 [18]Senator Sherman,21 Congressional Record 2728 (1890). I owe these and other references to Shi-Ling Hsu,“The Rise and Rise of the One Percent: Considering Legal Causes of Inequality” (Florida State University College of Law,Public Law Research Paper 698; FSU College of Law,Law,Business and Economics Paper no. 14-11,2014).
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1704628862 [19]Hsu,“The Rise and Rise of the One Percent,” quote p. 24.
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1704628864 [20]市场结构与商品供给的排他性之间关系的说明性分析,参见Anthony B. Atkinson“Capabilities, Exclusion, and the Supply of Goods”,收录于Kaushik Basu, Prasanta Pattanaik, and Kotaro Suzumura编辑的Choice, Welfare and Development(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995),第17-31页。
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1704628866 [21]银行条款的分配意义分析,参见Babak Somekh,“Access to Banking and Income Inequality”收录于“Income Inequality and Consumer Markets”(D.Phil. thesis, University of Oxford, 2012)。
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1704628868 [22]Henry Simons的言论来自Tobin,“On Limiting the Domain of Inequality”,Journal of Law and Economics 13(1970):第263—277页,引自第264页。
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