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和上例类似的表现法,我们还可以举出一些例句:
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His wealth enables him to do anything.(他有钱什么都可以做。)〔 He can do anything because he is rich.〕
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The sight of the orphan always reminds me of her parents.(一见到那孤儿,我就想到她的父母。)〔 Whenever I see the orphan, I remember her parents.〕
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Bad weather prevented us from starting.(天气太坏,我们无法动身。)〔 We could not start because of bad weather.〕
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Careful comparison of them will show you the difference.(你只消仔细比较一下,就可发现不同。)〔 If you compare them carefully,you will see the difference.〕再看下面两个例句:
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A few steps across the lawn brought me to a large,splendid hotel.(走过草地几步,我就到了一个华丽的大旅馆。)
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A bit of knowledge kept me from making a big mistake when an important question was to be decided.(我因稍具知识,所以在决定重要问题的时候,还没有犯大的错误。)
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在以上这种句子中与无生物主语同用的动词,以 make 为首,另外还有 enable,remind,prevent,show,bring,keep 等等。英文的这种表现法,虽有时比较难译,但它最具有英文的味道,我们学写英文或学说英语时,也要多多注意这种和中文不同的地方,才能造出更合标准的语句。
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英文疑难详解 2.代替 time 的各种不同的名词
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“我和王君久别重逢。”译成英文为:
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I met Mr. Wang again after a long parting.不知译得正确否?
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【解答】英文的 part 是讲离别的动作,动名词 parting 的意思还是如此,如“她在临别时哭了。”( She cried at parting.)“临别赠言”(parting words)“临别的一吻”(a parting kiss)。如果是说离别的期间,就应该说 separation,例如“久别重逢,他们非常高兴”。( They were very pleased to meet after such a long separation.)因此,质问中的译文也应改为:
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I met Mr. Wang after a long separation.
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在 after a long 后面的名词,可随时改用他字。如:
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I received a letter from him after a long silence.(许久未通讯,最近才接到他来函。)
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I went out for a walk after a long interval.(好久没有出外散步,这回才去了。)
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He returned to his native village after a long absence.(他出门很久才回故乡。)
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这种说法都是 for a long time 的变化,如 after a long separation 就等于说 whom I had not seen for a long time,而 after a long absence 就等于说 where he had not been for a long time.诸如此类,斟酌情形,是可以采用各种不同的名词来代替 time 的。
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英文疑难详解 3.raise one’s hand 用复数人称时,名词也改复数
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“举手”英文说 raise one’s hand,是举起一只手来,如遇到强盗,表示不抵抗时,即说 hold up one’s hands,是举起双手,普通表示赞成,大家举手时,也说 raise their hand 行吗?因为若说 raise their hands,岂不是每人举起双手来了吗?到底应该用单数还是复数?
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【解答】这确是英文的一种不完善的地方,也只怪得人类的双手常不同时动作的缘故,如果是眼睛就没有这个问题,因为两个人仰视时说 raise their eyes,一个人时还是 raise his eyes.一个人举手时说 raise his hand,自然很清楚,表示只举一只手,但多数人时,则说:
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