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【解答】英文的动词后面表示动作时接什么字句是有一定的,大约可以分为三类:第一类是接不定词,第二类是接名词子句或名词,第三类是二者皆可。例如:
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(1) He agreed to go at once.(他同意立刻去。)
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(2) He admits that the accusation is just.(= He admits the justice of the accusation.)(他承认这种控告是正当的。)
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(3) He likes to read (or reading)novels.(他喜欢读小说。)
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质问中的 announce 一字是属于第二类,现当作第一类来接不定词的 to accept,当然不对,应改为:
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A travel agency announced that it would not accept any more bookings for tourist travel to China.
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这是接的名词子句,如果换上单纯的名词则成为:
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A travel agency announced its decision not to accept any more bookings for tourist travel to China.
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在上句中是接的 decision 一个名词。此字作动词用时,是属于第一类,如:
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It had been decided,a travel agency announced,not to accept any more bookings for tourist travel to China.
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“通知开饭”是 announce dinner,“通知客到”是 announce guests,“宣布结婚”是 It has been announced that Mr. A and Miss B will be married next Sunday.
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英文疑难详解 76.自动词的被动语态
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All the guests are arrived.句中的动词 arrive 是自动词,照规则不可以用被动语态( Passive voice),因为说“所有的客人都被到达了”是不通的。请将这种用法详为解说。
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【解答】被动语态在英文中是有很奇妙的用途的,例如,同是一个 Passive,它又可分为 Statal Passive(状态的被动)和 Actional Passive(动作的被动),而在意味上发生差别,现例解如下:
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(a) He was dressed in the latest fashion.(他穿得最时新了。)
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(b) The children were dressed every morning by their mother.(孩子们每天早晨由母亲为他们穿衣服。)
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(a) His bills are paid,so he owes nothing now.(他的账全部付清,现在他一文钱都不欠人家的了。)
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(b) His bill are paid regularly on the first of every month.(他定规在每月一日付账。)
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上举的(a)例表示状态的持续,(b)例表示动作的完成。前者是静态的,后者是动态的。在后者句中通常是带得有副词,如上例中的 every morning 及 regularly 等等。
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又如 He is buried at Westminster.是表状态。
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He was buried yesterday.是表动作。
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She was dressed in black.是表状态。
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She dressed herself in black.是表状态。
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