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质问中的 announce 一字是属于第二类,现当作第一类来接不定词的 to accept,当然不对,应改为:
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A travel agency announced that it would not accept any more bookings for tourist travel to China.
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这是接的名词子句,如果换上单纯的名词则成为:
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A travel agency announced its decision not to accept any more bookings for tourist travel to China.
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在上句中是接的 decision 一个名词。此字作动词用时,是属于第一类,如:
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It had been decided,a travel agency announced,not to accept any more bookings for tourist travel to China.
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“通知开饭”是 announce dinner,“通知客到”是 announce guests,“宣布结婚”是 It has been announced that Mr. A and Miss B will be married next Sunday.
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英文疑难详解 76.自动词的被动语态
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All the guests are arrived.句中的动词 arrive 是自动词,照规则不可以用被动语态( Passive voice),因为说“所有的客人都被到达了”是不通的。请将这种用法详为解说。
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【解答】被动语态在英文中是有很奇妙的用途的,例如,同是一个 Passive,它又可分为 Statal Passive(状态的被动)和 Actional Passive(动作的被动),而在意味上发生差别,现例解如下:
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(a) He was dressed in the latest fashion.(他穿得最时新了。)
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(b) The children were dressed every morning by their mother.(孩子们每天早晨由母亲为他们穿衣服。)
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(a) His bills are paid,so he owes nothing now.(他的账全部付清,现在他一文钱都不欠人家的了。)
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(b) His bill are paid regularly on the first of every month.(他定规在每月一日付账。)
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上举的(a)例表示状态的持续,(b)例表示动作的完成。前者是静态的,后者是动态的。在后者句中通常是带得有副词,如上例中的 every morning 及 regularly 等等。
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又如 He is buried at Westminster.是表状态。
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He was buried yesterday.是表动作。
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She was dressed in black.是表状态。
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She dressed herself in black.是表状态。
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他动词用被动语态的形式是很普通的用法,但在意味上有这种区别是值得注意的。自动词本来是没有被动语态的,但有某些特定的自动词,却具有“be+自动词的过去分词”的形式,用来表示事物的状态(state)或结果(result)。
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He was married.(= He married.)(他结婚了。)
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The train was stopped.(= The train stopped.)(火车停止了。)
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We were agreed to go.(= We agreed to go.)(我们都同意去。)
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