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英文疑难详解 77.My uncle remembered me on my birthday
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My uncle remembered me on my birthday.一句,译作“我叔父记得我的生日。”为什么是错了?英文 remember 一字除作“记忆”解外,还有其他什么解释?请举例说明。
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【解答】英文的动词 remember,普通有四种含义,即:
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(1)想起:例如 I do not remember your name.(我想不起你是姓什么的。)
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(2)记忆:例如 I shall always remember your kindness to me.(我将永远记得你对我的好处。)
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(3)致意:例如 Remember me to your mother.(令堂前乞代请安。)
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(4)赠物,致酬,给奖品,付小费:例如 Remember a child on its birthday.(送小孩生日礼物。)Remember the waiter.(付侍者小费。)My uncle remembered me in his will.(我伯父在遗嘱中分了遗产给我。)
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质问中的文句,应作上举的第四种解释,译作第二种的意思自然错了。原意是“我叔父在我生日时送了我一个礼物”。
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英文的 remember 一字,后面可接用动名词,也可接用不定词,不过产生的意义有别,宜加注意。比较:
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(a) I remember seeing him once.(我记得见过他一次。)
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(b) I remember to see him tomorrow.(我明天一定要去找他。)
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接用动名词的是指过去,接用不定词的是指未来。不过如果你用了完成不定词,当然也就是指的过去了,所以(a)例可改写为 I remember to have seen him once.或是 I remember that I saw him once.(b)例也可改写为 I remember that I must see him tomorrow.
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和 remember 相反的字 forget,也有同样的用法,例如:
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(a) I forget going= I forget that I went.
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(b) I forget to go= I forget that I must go.
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Evans 说,在 forget 一字后应接用不定词,如果要接用动名词时,就得再加一个 about 字样,例如:
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I forgot to mail the letter.或是说 I forgot about mailing the letter.
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但一般的英文学者都认为 forget 后面是可以直接接用动名词的,如 Hornby 在 Patterns and Usage p.19中即有:
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Shall you ever forget hearing her sing?的例句。
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Zandvoort 在 Handbook p.27中也有:
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I shall never forget seeing her stand on the balcony of the palace.的例句。
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Kruisinga 在他的 Handbook p.381中也有:
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Well,if you think going to dinner will help you to forget going to church.—— Cotes, Cindrella
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