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I will graduate in June next year and enter high school in September.(我将在明年六月毕业,九月进中学。)
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美国人因为把原是表意志的 I will,当作表单纯未来用了,所以到了要表意志的时候,就只好倒过头来用 shall 了,如第二次世界大战中有名的故事,联军统帅 Douglas Mac Arthur 被日本人赶出菲律宾时,他表示他一定要再打回去的决心时说:“ I shall return.”(我一定要再回来的!)
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代替说: I am willing or am resolved to see him tomorrow.而说: I will see him tomorrow.实为一种最简洁有力的表现法,可惜现在多被误用来表示单纯未来了。近来在英美的倾向,是用 be going to 来表达单纯未来,也许将来有一天又会恢复用 I will 来表示意志的吧。
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一位怕老婆的人说:“ My wife always says ‘ You shall’ and I always say ‘ I will’.”(我老婆始终是对我下命令,而我一定是服从的。)这是颇有古风的说法。(参考 You shall love your neighbor as yourself.)
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英文疑难详解 96.用 will,would 表示现在推量
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You will be Miss Cook, I suppose.(你是柯小姐吧。)一语,分明是指现在,为什么不说现在动词的 are,而要用未来动词的 will be 呢?
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【解答】这是从未来用法变化出来的,早已不含有未来的意思,而只是表示现在的推测,在日用英语中用得很多。例如:
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This will be our train, I fancy.(我想这就是我们要坐的车。)
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Will they be able to hear at such a distance?(离得这样远,他们能听得见吗?)
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This’ll be the house we are looking for.(这大概就是我们要寻找的屋子。)
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It will be snowing now in London?(伦敦现在正下着雪吧?)
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There is a ring at the door. It will be Father.(门铃有响。是父亲回来了。)
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He is waiting for us downstairs. He will be wondering where we are.—— Walpole(他在楼下等待我们。他会觉得奇怪不晓得我们到哪里去了。)
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过去时的 would,也同样有此用法:
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I suppose she would be about fifty when she died.(我想她死时已有五十岁了。)
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Would you be to hear at such a distance?(离得这样远,你能听见吗?)
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I don’t know who it would be.(不晓得那到底是谁呀?)
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I thought that it would be just as well that I should not be disrespectful in the future.(我觉得最好还是不要在将来有所失敬。)
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如用“will+have+过去分词”的形式,就是对现在完成时的推测,或是对过去的推测,如:
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You will have heard the news.(那消息你一定听到了吧。)
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He will have left his house before you arrive there.(在你到达那里之前,他早已离开了他的家里吧。)
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You will have seen from my postcard that I was at Oxford.(你从我的明信片上就可以看得出来我曾到牛津去了的。)
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