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She did nothing else than cry all day.(她终日只是哭泣。)
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He did not so much as say he was sorry.(他连一声对不起都没有说。)
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(2)前面用 do 以外的动词,在连词 but 等后就要接用有 to 的不定词:
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Nothing remains but to die.(除死以外,别无办法。)
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We had no choice but to turn back.(我们除了转回头以外,别无办法。)
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You ought to know better than to believe all the gossip you hear.(你应该明白不会只相信你所听到的一切谣言。)
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I am sure we had nothing to do but to fight the battle out.(我确信我们只有抗战到底之一法。)
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They desire nothing but to enjoy the present moment.(他们只希望今朝有酒今朝醉。)
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附带地说一句,在 had better 之后,也是要接无 to 的不定词的,例如: You had better do it yourself.(你最好自己去做。)这句话可以解释为 You would have it better to do it yourself.这个 had better,原来和 would rather 及 may as well 等表现法,差不多都是同义的,例如:
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I had (或 would)rather die than yield.= I had (或 would)sooner die than yield.= I had (或 would)as soon die as yield.(宁死也不投降。)但现代英文对 had better 及 would rather,在惯用法上产生了不同的含义,如:
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They would rather die than go to the workhouse.(他们宁死也不进贫民院。)这个 would rather 是表选择(choice)的。
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If they would rather die,they had better do so.(如果他们想死,死去也好。)这个 had better 是表忠告(advice)的。
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英文疑难详解 111.say+不定词
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英文的惯用法不说 He says to go.而要说 He says (that)he will go.为什么我在书上又读到 The teacher says to come early.的用法呢?
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【解答】这是美国话和英国话不同的地方。英国话在动词 think 后面可以接不定词,而美国话则不允许。美国话在动词 say 后面可以接不定词,而英国话则不允许。
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I never thought to see you here!(英)= I never thought I would see you here!(美)
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Who would have thought to meet you here?(英)= Who would have expected to meet you here?(美)
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He thought to deceive us.(英)= He intended (或 planned)to deceive us.(美)
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美国话的 say to do=tell a person to do.是含有命令语气的口语用法,如 He said to tell you not to come.意为“他要我告诉你不要来。”可以在 said 后,to tell 前,补入 for me 二字来解释。如质问中所提出的句子。
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The teacher says to come early.(美)= The teacher tells us that we must come early.(英)
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美国话的这种用法,是间接的命令法,英文是用 tell 来表达的,如 He told me to come at once.(他要我马上来。)如美国口语用 say 时,便要把后面的作为宾语的人称代名词略去,例如:
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“We always placed it here.”“ Kashkin never said to put it there.”—— Hemingway: For whom the Bell Tolls, X X I(我们总是把它放在这里的。卡西金从来没有说要我们把它放在那里。)
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It was the photographer in the lobby. Tyler said to come right up.—— John Dos Passos: Number One(在休息室里照相师已经来了。泰勒要我马上到这里来。)
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