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再举几个例来看:
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It was careless of him to leave his umbrella in the train.(他不当心把伞忘记在火车上了。)= He was careless to leave his umbrella in the train.= How careless (it was) of him to leave his umbrella in the train!
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It was stupid of her (= She was stupid) to make such a mistake.(做出了这样的错误,她真愚笨。)
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It was wrong of you (= You were wrong) to borrow his bicycle without asking his permission.(不问他就骑走他的脚踏车是你不对呀。)
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It is wise of him (= He is wise) not to accept their offer.(不接受他们的建议,他是聪明的。)
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It is good (=kind) of you to send me a nice present.(谢谢你送我这样好的礼物。)
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注意:我们不能说 It is kind to do so.或 It is kind for you to do so,因为这是不通的。我们只可以说:
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It is good to do so.(这样做是好的。)
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It is good for you to do so.(你这样做是好的。)
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It is good of you to do so.(你这样做是亲切的。)
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英文疑难详解 185.可以说 How kind of you!但不能说 How beautiful of her!
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我们可以说 How kind of you!为什么不可以说 How beautiful of her!呢?
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【解答】当我们说 How kind you are!的时候,觉得在 kind 与 you are 之间,似乎有些距离,而脱了节的样子,若改说 How kind of you!就会发现 of you 与 kind 有着密接的关系,是不可分离的。这就是因为:
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How kind you are! ( General)
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How kind of you! ( Special)
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一般泛泛之交毕竟不能与个人的私交相比。《孟子》上说:“至于子都,天下莫不知其姣也!”遇到了她,人人都会说:
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How beautiful she is!
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但没有人能说 How baautiful of her,因为“她美”是有目共睹的 general 事,不能当作 special 的来加以处理呢。
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我们平日说的 It is good of you to do so.句中的 good=kind,作“亲切”解,不作“好”解。因为“亲切”是属于个人的(special),而“好”是一般性的(general)。一定要是 special 的,才能用 of 什么人,否则只好用 for 什么人,参阅184的解答。
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句中用了 how 当然更是加强 kind 的说法,说 You are kind 要点在 you;说 It is kind of you (= It is a kind thing done by you),把 kind 先提出来,自然加强了它的意义。至于说 How kind of you!即 How kind (it is) of you!句中的 kind 再上 how,所表现的意义,算是最强的了。
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英文疑难详解 186.不可以说 you are convenient!
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