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18Jacques Ellul，Propaganda，p. 9.
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19Randall L. Bytwerk，Bending Spines，p. 166.
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20Jacques Ellul，Propaganda，p. 295.
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第十五章 沉默和失忆的国民是怎样教育成的
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1Hedrick Smith，The Russians.New York：Ballantine Books，1977，pp. 247-248 .
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2J. S. Mill，“Of Nationality as Connected with Representative Government，”in Considerations on Representative Government，New York：H. Holt and Co.，1875，p. 308.
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3Vaclav Havel，“The Power of the Powerless，”in The Power of the Powerless：Citizens Against the State in Central-Eastern Europe，ed by John Keane，Armonk，N.Y.：M. E. Sharpe，1985，p. 25.Vaclav Havel，“The Power of the Powerless，”in The Power of the Powerless：Citizens Against the State in Central-Eastern Europe，ed by John Keane，Armonk，N.Y.：M. E. Sharpe，1985，p. 25.
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4Randall L. Bytwerk，Bending Spines：The Propagandas of Nazi Germany and the German Democratic Republic，East Lansing，MI：Michigan State University Press，2004.
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5Ibid.，p. 132.
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6Ibid.，p. 133.
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7Ibid.，p. 135.
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8Ibid.
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9Ibid.，pp. 135-136 .
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10Ibid.，pp. 138-139 .
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11Ibid.
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12Ibid.，p. 140.
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13Ibid.
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14Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann，Die Schweigespirale：ffentliche Meinung-unsere soziale Haut，Frankfurt：Ullstein Sachbuch，1982.
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15Timur Kuran，Private Truths，Public Lies：The Social Consequence of Preference Falsification，Cambridge：Harvard University Press，1995，p. 113.
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16Wolfgang Leonhard，Child of the Revolution，trans.by C. M. Woodhouse，London：Collins，1957，p. 373.
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17Randall L. Bytwerk，Bending Spines，p. 141.
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18Ibid.，pp. 142-143 .
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19Ibid.，p. 143.
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20Ibid.，p. 148.
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21Malcolm Gladwell，The Tipping Point：How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference，Boston：Little Brown，2000.
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