打字猴:1.704867157e+09
1704867157 事实上,针对台湾前任卫生署长是否应该决定采用2.5 ppm作为三聚氰胺含量的安全标准,焦点不应该被集中在它是“香港的标准”;一个比较建设性的却一直没有出现的报道角度应该是:原本的“零检出”标准是否务实?只是当下却被事件所隐含的政治意涵模糊了报道以及公众讨论的焦点。有趣的是,最近台湾媒体引用外电报道,以美国联邦食品药物管理局(FDA)的发言来证实,食品中的三聚氰胺含量在2.5 ppm以下对人体健康确实无害,而且强调成人即便每天吃也无伤。紧接着在一则台湾公共卫生学会、流行病学学会、事故伤害预防与安全促进学会举办联合年会的新闻中,更指出与会专家认为三聚氰胺会随着农药、肥料和美耐皿容器,进入人类食物链,要求“零检出”很难。也就是说,假如一个科学新闻事件本身就具备一定程度的政治性,相关新闻报道很容易就会受到政治性因素影响,媒体当然很难有所谓公正、客观、中立的报道。
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1704867159 此外,尽管结合批判典范和建构主义取径来解析媒体所扮演的“建构”真实角色,提供我们一个有效地探讨媒体科学论述和科学真相之间关系的研究角度,但是过度强调媒体从业人员个人因素或媒体组织的政经因素对媒体科学论述产制过程以及产制成果的影响,也有可能让研究者将一则客观且如实“报道”的媒体科学论述误读成主观“建构”的媒体科学论述。再以此次发生在台湾的三聚氰胺事件为例,就像一些长期受到欧美国家学术或文化影响的新兴国家一样,对台湾民众而言,“欧美国家比较先进”已经是一个先入为主的态度。因此,尽管过去世界各国不曾针对三聚氰胺在食品中的合法含量制定标准,台湾媒体报道每次提及三聚氰胺含量标准,总是动不动就强调“完全依照美国食品药物管理局FDA的标准”。此种将美国食品药物管理局等同于国际标准或高可信度标准的科学论述,某种程度应该算是客观“报道”事实而非主观“建构”事实,因为它符合台湾民众(包含媒体从业人员)对于何谓先进或权威来源的共享预设(presuppositions)。
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