1704941341
在更多情况下，作定语的分词（短语）都放在所修饰词的后面，意思上和从句差不多：
1704941342
1704941343
There is a gentleman asking (＝who is asking) to see you．有一位先生要求见你。
1704941344
1704941345
Anyone following (＝who follows) this advice could find himself in trouble．照这个意见做的人可能会遇到麻烦。
1704941346
1704941347
There were 200 children studying (＝who were studying) music and dancing there．有200个孩子在那里学习音乐和舞蹈。
1704941348
1704941349
They built a highway leading (＝which leads) into the mountains．他们修了一条通往山里的公路。
1704941350
1704941351
有时还可构成合成词作定语：
1704941352
1704941353
a fine-looking building 一座漂亮的楼房
1704941354
1704941355
oil-bearing crops 油料作物
1704941356
1704941357
hard-working people 勤劳的人民
1704941358
1704941359
far-reaching effects 深远的影响
1704941360
1704941361
（4）用作状语（现在分词多表示主语的动作）：
1704941362
1704941363
Sally was in bed crying．萨莉在床上哭泣。（Sally was crying.）
1704941364
1704941365
The manager approached us smiling．经理笑着向我们走来。（The manager was smiling.）
1704941366
1704941367
Glancing at the clock, I saw it was midnight．我望了望钟，看见已经是午夜了。
1704941368
1704941369
Not knowing what to do, I went home．我不知道怎么办好，就回家了。
1704941370
1704941371
有时这类状语可由when和while引起：
1704941372
1704941373
Be careful when crossing the street．过街时要当心。
1704941374
1704941375
Don’t mention this while talking to him．和他谈话时不要提及此事。
1704941376
1704941377
现在分词如果不表示主语的动作，它前面可以有一个名词表示它是谁的动作（可称为它逻辑上的主语）：
1704941378
1704941379
We explored the caves, Peter acting as guide．由彼得作向导我们探察了那些洞穴。（Peter acted as guide.）
1704941380
1704941381
The shower being over, we continued to march．阵雨过后，我们继续前进。（When the shower was over）
1704941382
1704941383
Weather permitting (if the weather permits), we’ll have an outing tomorrow．如果天气允许，我们明天将出去郊游。
1704941384
1704941385
这种结构可称作独立结构（absolute construction）。
1704941386
1704941387
现在分词作状语时，它表示的动作通常和主语表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生，如果它表示的动作发生较早，要用现在分词的完成形式：
1704941388
1704941389
Having slept (As I had slept) for twelve hours, I felt marvellous．由于我睡了12个钟头的觉，我感到舒服极了。
1704941390
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.704941341e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]