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【记】词根记忆：dict（说，断言） + ate→说出→口述
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【例】①The teacher dictated the famous novel to us.
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②They are often denied education as customs dictate they marry early and have children. （2004）
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【派】dictation（n. 口授，听写；命令）；dictator〔n. 独裁者，专制者；口授者；（左右风尚、时装等的）权威〕；dictatorship（n. 独裁，独裁国家，专政）
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clinch［klintʃ］vt. 钉牢；解决；确定，决定；（拳击）扭住（对方），互相扭住
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【例】①The manager finally clinched the argument between the attendant and the customer.
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②The boxers clinched and the referee separated them.
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gloss［glɔs］n. 光泽，光亮；亮光漆；虚饰；注释，评注 vt. 作注释（或评注）
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【例】The professor has put a totally different gloss on the subject.
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【用】gloss除表达“作注解”之外，还可指“给出错误的解释”，即“曲解”。
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forsake［fəˈseik］vt. 遗弃，抛弃；离开
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【记】联想记忆：for（出去） + sake（缘故）→为了某种缘故而抛出去→遗弃
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【例】Sam was forsaken by his companions when he was in danger.
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supplant［səˈplɑːnt;səˈplænt］vt. 取代，代替
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【记】联想记忆：sup（下） + plant（种植）→在下面种植→取代
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【例】Trams in this city have been supplanted by buses recently.
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preclude［priˈkluːd］vt. 阻止；排除
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【记】词根记忆：pre（前） + clud（关闭） + e→在面前关闭→排除
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【例】John’s motion to preclude certain testimony from an infringement expert was granted in part and denied in part.
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【用】preclude sb. from sth. 意思是“阻止某人做某事”。
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sidle［ˈsaidl］vi. （悄悄地）横着走，（偷偷地）侧身挨近
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【记】联想记忆：sid(e)（侧面） + le→侧身挨近
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【例】After a time he began to sidle near to the youth, and in a different way try to make him a friend.
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repine［riˈpain］vi. 埋怨；苦恼
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【记】词根记忆：re + pine（憔悴）→因苦恼、不满而憔悴→苦恼
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