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cogent, appealing forcefully to the reason; convincing; telling; effective.
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Frederick the Great, Frederick II （1712-1786）, king of Prussia （1740-1786）, the man who made Prussia one of the great powers of the world. He encouraged art and architecture; he wrote much in prose; all of his writing is in French. He invited Voltaire to stay in the Prussian court, an unhappy experience it proved for Voltaire.
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courtier, one in attendance at the court of a prince.
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His Majesty’s campaigns, Frederick the Great’s success in battle.
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Voltaire, Jean François Marie Arouet de Voltaire （1694-1778）, the celebrated French philosopher and author.
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Napoleon in Elba . After the Treaty of Paris in 1814, Napoleon was exiled to the Island of Elba off the coast of Tuscany, from which he escaped in 1815, only to be defeated in Waterloo after his too brief Hundred Days’ Reign.
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British frigates, the British warships were there to keep Napoleon from escaping.
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Dromios, two Dromios, twin servants to twin brothers in Shakespeare’s Comedy of Errors .
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Mr. Stifflekin, any other name would do as well.
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Stanley, Henry M. （1841-1904） and David Livingstone （1813-1873） were both African explorers. Stanley, as correspondent of the New York Herald , found Livingstone in 1869 in the heart of Africa, after Livingstone had been reported lost for many years. Stanley tells the story vividly in his book How I Found Livingstone （1872）.
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equatorial, belonging near the equator.
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source of the Nile, the head of the Nile River, which flows through Egypt and empties into the Mediterranean Sea.
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minor irritations, the small matters that cause momentary impatience or anger.
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theologians, persons well-versed in theology, the science of God or of religion; preachers.
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“works or supererogation,” doing more than duty requires.
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unexpended balance of energy, enough energy left over.
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titular master, in name the master, implying that he may not be the real master, because his wife may be the actual ruler of the home.
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familiar chaos . His desk was formerly in a bad mess, but he knew where everythihg was to be found. Hence, familiar chaos.
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hateful order . Everything was now in proper order after the housemaid had straighten things out, but to the master that orderliness was hateful, because now he knew not where to look for his things.
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reactionary, one who seeks to undo political, here household, progress; one who seeks to turn order into disorder.
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ethical culture, for teaching the passengers the proper moral feelings and conduct.
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counsel of perfection, advice on how to be perfect.
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Junius, the pseudonym of an English political writer （1768-1777） considered by many to be Sir Philip Francis （1740-1818）. Mr. Tang Leang-li （汤良礼） calls himself Junius Sinicus （Chinese Junius） in the People’s Tribune .
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Duke of Grafton, Henry Augustus Fitzroy, third Duke of Grafton, censured by Junius, in the article quoted, for escorting a woman of questionable morals to the theater and thus insulting all the sisters, wives, and mothers of the regular patrons of the theater.
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client, the customer who is employing the services of the barber.
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