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Traductore-tradittore, the Italian for “translation-traitor,” i.e., translation betrays, translation of what he has written would tell too much of Ku Hung-ming.
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sinologue, one well versed in Chinese language and literature, in things Chinese.
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taken aback, surprised; shocked.
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Questions
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1. Describe the city in which the philosopher lived.
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2. Why did the author wish to meet the philosopher?
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3. Why did the philosopher ignore the chit which told him to come along?
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4. What details make you feel that the philosopher’s chamber is “cold, bare, and comfortless”?
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5. Describe the philosopher’s appearance.
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6. What was the philosopher’s mood? Why? How did the author put him at ease?
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7. What was his opinion of English and American philosophy? Why did he have a higher opinion of German philosophy?
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8. What did he think of individualism? of returned students?
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9. What did he consider that the “superiority” of the West consist in?
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10. What effect did the coming in of his little daughter have on the philosopher’s mood?
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11. Why did the author feel him to be a somewhat pathetic figure?
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12. What weakness did gossip accuse the philosopher of?
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13. Why was the author somewhat taken aback by the content of the philosopher’s poem?
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参考译文
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【作品简介】
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《哲学家》一文选自威廉·萨默塞特·毛姆所著《在中国的屏风上》, 147—158页。
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文中的哲学家无疑是指辜鸿铭(汤生)(1847—1928),他当时住在北平。毛姆让我们相信这场会面的地点是在某个类似四川成都的城市。辜鸿铭曾在慈禧太后最倚重的总督之一张之洞的幕下效力(152页,第18行)。本文已译成中文,见《人间世》,1923年9月20日,第20期,第32—37页,《辜鸿铭访问记》,黄嘉音译(惟黄先生未翻译篇后的两首诗)。在该期内亦有人证明毛姆笔下的哲学家是辜先生。
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36 哲学家
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如此偏远的一隅之地竟然还可以找到偌大的一座城市,我觉得这真是不可思议啊。夕阳西下时分,登上有雉堞的城门远远望去,您便可以看到西藏那白雪皑皑的群山。城市人口十分稠密,只有在城墙上才可以悠闲自得地散步。快步行走都得花费三个小时才能顺着城墙走完一圈。方圆一千英里之内都不通铁路。流经城市的那条河,水很浅,只有载重量很轻的船只才能安全航行。乘坐舢板船需要五天才能抵达扬子江上游。处在如此不方便的时刻,您会问一问自己,我们这些每天都乘坐火车和汽船的人,是否会觉得这些交通工具是人生进程中必不可少的?而正是在此,数以百万计的人们出生成长,结婚成家,繁衍后代,最后离开人世。正是在此,数以百万计的人们忙忙碌碌,经商挣钱,创造艺术,思索问题。
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在这样一座城市里,还生活着一位著名的哲学家。对我而言,正是怀着想要拜会这样一位哲学家的愿望,我才进行了这次不辞辛劳的长途跋涉之旅。他是中国儒学最了不起的权威。据说,他精通英语和德语。他曾多年担任皇太后的一位重臣的秘书,但现在已经退休赋闲在家了。不过,一年四季当中,每个星期有几天时间,他的大门一直向求知问学的人敞开着,他向这些人讲授儒学。他拥有一群门徒,但数量不大。绝大多数学生都喜欢他那朴实无华的住所,还有他对国外大学奢华建筑和蛮夷实用科学的严苛批判。若是有人在他面前提起这个话题,只会招致他冷嘲热讽的斥责。根据我所听到的有关他的情况,我断定,他是一位很有个性的人。
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我表达了想去拜会这位出类拔萃的人物的愿望后,接待我的主人立刻安排了一次会面。但是,日子一天天过去了,却没有见到什么动静。我再三打听了解,主人却耸了耸肩膀。
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