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翻译学到一定的时候，就期望有所突破。而突破的唯一道路是学以致用。试比较：in a suit of famous brand, reproaching a subordinate coldly和wearing a famous-brand suit and a cold look, I reproach my subordinate bluntly，前译已经不错，而后译却辞采灿烂！究其原因，后译用了Zeugma（轭式修饰法）。一个分词巧妙地“串”起了两个宾语（a famous-brand suit和a cold look）！
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Zeugma，即a figure of speech in which a single word, usually a verb or adjective, is syntactically related to two or more words, though having a different sense in relation to each (Webster’s New World Dictionary)。另如：
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The senator picked up his hat and his courage.
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She possessed two false teeth and a sympathetic heart.
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He lost the game and his temper.
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初学者的原译文处处留下“老实”的，或曰稚嫩的痕迹。原句中有“也不先打个草稿”，译文便亦步亦趋：Why didn’t you make a draft first？可是，汉语“打个草稿”的比喻，英语并不认同。
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服饰，是翻译的一大障碍。原句中的“背心式牛仔裙”被译成vest-like jean skirt或sleeveless jeans skirts，均不地道。“背心式牛仔裙”应是jeans jumper或denim jumper。
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二十岁的时候，从图书馆借的是《莎士比亚全集》、《一个青年艺术家的自画像》和《尤里西斯》。三十岁之后，床头摆的是《跟庄秘笈》、《ELLE》和《经理人的个人魅力》。
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【原译】At the age of twenty, The Collected Works of Shakespeare, The Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man, and Ulysses were borrowed from the library. After thirty, Strategy of Speculation on Stocks, ELLE and Manager’s Personal Charm were put on the bedside.（此译含dangling modifier，为英语非规范表达。）
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【改译】At the age of twenty, I borrowed books from the library like The Complete Works of William Shakespeare, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Ulysses. After thirty, on my bedside, lie such books and magazines as The Recipe on Stocks, ELLE and Manager’s Charm.
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两译相比，最大的区别在于，前者“尾轻”，后者“尾重”。英语句法的审美趣味倾向于“尾重”。试比较（前者为佳句，后者为拙句）：
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Gone are the days when I was young. ↔ The days when I was young are gone.
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Word came that bribery has sent him to prison, which amazed us.↔ Word that bribery has sent him to prison came, which amazed us.
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汉语却没有此习惯，汉语说“我年轻的日子已经一去不返了”或“他因受贿（或行贿）而被捕入狱的消息传来，我们大吃一惊”。
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二十岁的暑假，在家乡的大街上偶遇自己的暗恋对象，听说他考上了研究生，被他的进步所打击，心如刀绞，想到这辈子终于不能出色得让他看我一眼，不禁怆然泪下。三十岁之后，到处打听哪里可以花钱买个MBA。
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【原译】At the age of twenty, during a summer holiday I encountered my beloved one on the street of my hometown. I heard he was admitted to be a graduate. I was struck by his advance. I couldn’t help shedding tears in my extreme grief. I thought that for this life I could never achieve much to let him see me in a new light. After thirty, I inquire everywhere where to purchase an MBA certificate.
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【改译】At the age of twenty, I ran into the young man whom I loved in secret in the street of my hometown. Upon hearing that he had been enrolled as a graduate, I was virtually dealt a heavy blow, believing reluctantly so painful a fact that I could never do well enough to win his favor, bitter tears streaming down my cheeks. After thirty, I busy myself here and there, inquiring where I could buy an MBA diploma.
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既然英语句子有“葡萄型”结构之喻，汉语句子有“竹竿型”结构之喻，是否可以说英汉互译便如“葡萄”与“竹竿”之间的转换？如：The boy, who was crying as if his heart would break, said, when I spoke to him, that he was very hungry, because he had had no food for two days．寥寥两行，竟然有六个分句，而主句（The boy said）很短，却悬挂着五个从句。而相应的汉语表达却是用节节短句逐层展开：那个男孩哭得似乎心都碎了，我问他的时候，他说他已经有两天没有吃东西了，他实在是饿极了。
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两译类比，前译用了六个短句，而后译仅用了三句。尤其是Upon hearing that he had been enrolled as a graduate, I was virtually dealt a heavy blow, believing reluctantly so painful a fact that I could never do well enough to win his favor, bitter tears streaming down my cheeks一句，是典型的“葡萄型”结构，主干很短，仅I was virtually dealt a heavy blow而已。而“挂结”其上的，有介词短语，有分词短语，分词短语中还含有状语从句，还有独立主格结构。洋洋洒洒，架床叠屋。须知，英语以此句型为美，而过多的短句的排列，被贬为baby English。
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二十岁的时候，随时随地向人透露我的年龄，答得比问得还快。三十岁之后，最恨别人问年龄，你要是非问不可，你猜啊。
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【原译】At the age of twenty, I was always ready to disclose my age on all occasions and could not wait to speak out the answer until the inquirer finished his words. After I have turned thirty, I hate any inquiry about my age. If you insist, have a guess.
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【改译】At the age of twenty, I was so ready to reveal my age, telling people about my age frequently before they inquired. After thirty, age became almost a taboo to me. If somebody is so nosy, I respond, “Guess.”
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英语运用词汇的转义可谓竭泽而渔，最常用的词汇也可用其转义，而令表达生辉，这就令汉语为母语者暗羡！因为，数千年来，汉语循规蹈矩，为词汇的本义所茧服，小心翼翼，不敢越雷池一步。“脚趾”，就是脚趾，还能派什么用场？一生中我们使用“脚趾”一词能有几次？然而，打开英语词典，我们见到了别样的风景！对tiptoe（脚趾）一词，英语也不轻易放过。tiptoe用作动词，转义渐生：踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走。如：She tiptoed out of the room so as not to wake the baby.（为了不把婴儿吵醒，她蹑手蹑脚地走出了房间。）但是，这还不够，英语还要更竭泽而渔，对tiptoe进一步引申，于是产生了如下用法：1）用作形容词，如：He is a man of tiptoe caution.（他是做事战战兢兢的男子。）2）用作名词：The students are all on the tiptoe of expectation for the arrival of their foreign teacher.（学生们翘首盼望外籍教师的来临。）I was really on the tiptoe of excitement when I got to know that university enrolled me.（当我得知，我被那所大学录取的时候，我万分激动！）The children were on tiptoe for the vacation to begin.（孩子们急切盼望假期开始。）
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遗憾的是，国人学习英语常被英语词汇的转义弄得晕头转向，在汉英翻译中惯于运用英语词汇的本义，束手束脚，打不开思路。“三十岁之后，最恨别人问年龄，你要是非问不可，你猜啊”一句中的“恨”，必译hate，“非问不可”，必译If you insist。如果我们认识英语词汇的这个特点，我们的译文也许就生动活泼得多，地道精彩得多。比如改译中的taboo和nosy两词就值得我们思考。
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二十岁的时候，一心想和体育系、美术系的男生约会。三十岁之后，我简直认为自己当年是白痴。
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