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《红楼梦》第二十一回中袭人说过这样一句话：
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一百年还记着呢！比不得你，拿着我的话当耳旁风，夜里说了，早起就忘了。
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袭人的这句话，我们读来一目了然。虽然其中省略了几个主语，可是，我们却心领神会。如：
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（我过）一百年还记着呢！比不得你，拿着我的话当耳旁风，（我）夜里说了，（你）早起就忘了。
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上句虽然省略了“主语”，读者同样心领神会：（渔人见）阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中（村民）往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。
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而值得注意的是，译文1和译文2皆将上句译成了人称主语句：
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(1) The fisherman saw… and could hear…
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(2) and he heard…
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“阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻”，是否可以另辟蹊径，译成非人称主语句，译成被动句式呢？如译：
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Under his feet country paths crisscrossed, and crowing of roosters and barking of dogs could be heard around.
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“黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐”一句，译文2将之译成and all of them, whether old people with white hair or children with their hair tied in a knot, were happy and content with themselves。译笔不可谓不细腻矣。从“黄发”到“垂髫，一一译出——with white hair; hair tied in a knot。其实，如此译文吃力不讨好。何谓“黄发”？《高级汉语大词典》解释为：“黄发指老人。老人发白，白久则黄。”何谓“垂髫”？《高级汉语大词典》解释为：“古时儿童不束发，头发下垂，因以‘垂髫’指儿童。”
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由此可见，死抠字眼的翻译，并不可取。将“黄发”到“垂髫”，译成white hair和hair tied in a knot，仅仅是一种机械的表层转换。翻译美学告诉我们，译得模糊一点，也许更接近原文，也许更美。译文1可资参考。
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改译：
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Under his feet country paths crisscrossed, and crowing of roosters and barking of dogs could be heard around. Men and women working in the fields were all clad in outfits of exotic style, while the elderly and the little both seem to enjoy themselves.
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6．见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来，具答之。便要还家，为设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。
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译文1．The people were amazed to see the fisherman, and they asked him from where he had come. He told them in detail, then the people invited him to their home, set out wine, butchered a chicken, and prepared a meal. Other villagers heard about the fisherman, and they all came to ask him questions.
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译文2. Seeing the fisherman, they were greatly amazed and asked him where he had come from. He answered all their questions, and then they invited him to their homes, where they put wine before him, killed chickens and prepared food in his honor. When the other people in the village heard about the visitor, they too all came to ask questions.
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汉语并不注重彰显句子内部的逻辑关系，句与句之间没有或很少表示逻辑关系的连接词，上句即是一例。因此，汉语又称“意合语言”，以汉语为母语者的语言悟性就特别敏锐。比如，“便要还家，为设酒杀鸡作食”。其间，无须任何连接词，读者明白，所谓“设酒杀鸡作食”，肯定在“家”中，而英语在表达如此意思时，就得添加一个where，以示地点。如译2的and then they invited him to their homes, where they put wine before him, killed chickens and prepared food in his honor,一个where，用得何其精彩，其英语味便浓郁起来。
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又如，“村中闻有此人，咸来问讯”英语在表达如此意思时，就得添加一个when，以示时间。如译2的When the other people in the village heard about the visitor, they too all came to ask questions。
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由此可见，汉译英中的表层转换，也不可忘记英汉两种语言的表层差异。
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相比之下，译文1就略嫌逊色。须指出的是，译文2的n his honor，庄重有余，难合语境，不如略作调整。
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改译：
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The fisherman was then spotted by a villager, who was greatly amazed and asked where he had come from. The fisherman replied in detail. Then the villager invited him to his home, where he poured wine and prepared chicken to treat him. When the rest of the village heard about the visitor, they flocked over with all kinds of questions.
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7．自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉。遂与外人间隔。
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译文1. Then the villagers told him, “To avoid the chaos of war during the Qin Dynasty, our ancestors brought their families and villagers to this isolated place and never left it, so we’ve had no contact with the outside world.”
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